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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Biến đổi: 4 x 2 − 4 xy + y 2 = 0 ⇔ ( 2 x − y ) 2 = 0 ⇔ 2 x = y
Thay y = 2x vào P ta được P = -3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
a. $A=9x^2+15x+6xy+y^2+5y=(9x^2+6xy+y^2)+(15x+5y)$
$=(3x+y)^2+5(3x+y)=0^2+5.0=0$
b. $25x^2-y^4-5x+y^2=(25x^2-y^4)-(5x-y^2)=(5x-y^2)(5x+y^2)-(5x-y^2)$
$=(5x-y^2)(5x+y^2-1)$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(3x^2+3y^2+4xy+2x-2y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-2y+1+2x^2+4xy+2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Do đó: \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-1=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\\-1+1=0\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=-1 và y=1 vào biểu thức \(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2016}+\left(x+2\right)^{2017}+\left(y-1\right)^{2018}\), ta được:
\(M=\left(-1+1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+2\right)^{2017}+\left(1-1\right)^{2018}\)
\(=0^{2016}+1^{2017}+0^{2018}=1\)
Vậy: M=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(\left(x+2y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left(x+2y+x-y\right)\left(x+2y-x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+y\right).3y\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1+x-1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
c) \(9x^2-3x+2y-4y^2\)
\(=9x^2-4y^2-3x+2y\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left(3x+2y\right)-\left(3x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)\left[3x+2y-1\right]\)
d) \(4x^2-4xy+2x-y+y^2\)
\(=4x^2-4xy+y^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)^2+2x-y\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(2x-y+1\right)\)
e) \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+y\left(x+1\right)+y^2\right]\)
g) \(x^3-2x^2y+xy^2-4x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4x\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)^2-4x\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
a) (x + 2y)² - (x - y)²
= (x + 2y - x + y)(x + 2y + x - y)
= 3y(2x + y)
b) (x + 1)³ + (x - 1)³
= (x + 1 + x - 1)[(x + 1)² - (x + 1)(x - 1) + (x - 1)²]
= 2x(x² + 2x + 1 - x² + 1 + x² - 2x + 1)
= 2x(x² + 3)
c) 9x² - 3x + 2y - 4y²
= (9x² - 4y²) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y) - (3x - 2y)
= (3x - 2y)(3x + 2y - 1)
d) 4x² - 4xy + 2x - y + y²
= (4x² - 4xy + y²) + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)² + (2x - y)
= (2x - y)(2x - y + 1)
e) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1 - y³
= (x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1) - y³
= (x + 1)³ - y³
= (x + 1 - y)[(x + 1)² + (x + 1)y + y²]
= (x - y + 1)(x² + 2x + 1 + xy + y + y²)
g) x³ - 2x²y + xy² - 4x
= x(x² - 2xy + y² - 4)
= x[(x² - 2xy + y²) - 4]
= x[(x - y)² - 2²]
= x(x - y - 2)(x - y + 2)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a. Ta có: x2 – y2 = (x + y)(x – y)
b. Thay x = 87, y = 13, ta được:
x2 – y2 = (x + y)(x – y)
= (87 + 13)(87 – 13)
= 100.74 = 7400
c. Ta có: x3 + 9x2 + 27x + 27
= x3 + 3.x2.3 + 3.x.32 + 33
= (x + 3)3
Thay x = 97, ta được: (x + 3)3 = (97 + 3)3 = 1003 = 1000000
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có \(x^2+y^2+xy+x=y-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2xy+2x-2y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x+1=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(-1+1-1\right)^{2023}\) \(=\left(-1\right)^{2023}\) \(=-1\)
Ta có: \(3x^2-4xy+y^2=3x-3y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2xy+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2-3\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(2x+x-y-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-y-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y\\3x-y=3\end{cases}}\)
Vì x và y là 2 số thực phân biệt nên TH x=y không xảy ra\(\Rightarrow3x-y=3\)
Lại có: \(9x^2-6xy+y^2+y-3x+4=\left(3x-y\right)^2+y-3x+4\)
\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(3x-y\right)+4\)
Ta thay \(3x-y=3\)vào biểu thức trên:
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-y\right)^2-\left(3x-y\right)+4=3^2-3+4=9+1=10\)
Vậy giá trị cần tìm của biểu thức đó là 10.