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Bài 1
a) \(P=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{a+\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-\sqrt{a}}\) (ĐK : x\(\ge0\) ; x\(\ne\) 1)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-a+1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
Vậy để P là số nguyên thì: \(\sqrt{a}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)\)
Mà Ư(2)={-1;1;2;-1}
=> \(\sqrt{a}-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| \(\sqrt{a}-1\) | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
| a | 4 | 0 | 9 | \(\sqrt{a}=-1\) (ktm) |
vậy a={0;4;9} thì P nguyên
Bài 2
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a+4\sqrt{a-4}}+\sqrt{a-4\sqrt{a-4}}}{\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{a}+\frac{16}{a^2}}}\)(ĐK:a\(\ge\)8)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)+4\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)-4\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a-4}+2+\sqrt{a-4}-2:\frac{a-4}{a}\)
\(=2\sqrt{a-4}\cdot\frac{a}{a-4}\)
\(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a-4}}\)
`P=(sqrta+3)/(sqrta-2)-(sqrta-1)/(sqrta+2)+(4sqrta-4)/(4-a)`
`đk:x>=0,x ne 4`
`P=(a+5sqrta+6-a+3sqrta-2-4sqrta+4)/(a-4)`
`=(4sqrta+8)/(a-4)`
`=4/(sqrta-2)`
`b)a=9`
`=>P=4/(3-2)=4`
a) Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+3}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+2}+\dfrac{4\sqrt{a}-4}{4-a}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)-4\sqrt{a}+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+5\sqrt{a}+6-a+3\sqrt{a}-2-4\sqrt{a}+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{a}+8}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{a}-2}\)
b) Thay a=9 vào P, ta được:
\(P=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{9}-2}=\dfrac{4}{3-2}=\dfrac{4}{1}=4\)
Vậy: khi a=9 thì P=4
a, \(P=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}+\frac{\left(2-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{a}\right)}{2-\sqrt{a}}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(a\ge0\) và \(a\ne4\))
=> \(P=\sqrt{a}+2+2+\sqrt{a}=4+2\sqrt{a}\)
b, \(P=a+1=4+2\sqrt{a}\)
=> \(a-2\sqrt{a}+1-4=0\)
=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2-2^2=0\)
=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)=0\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=3\left(tm\right)\\\sqrt{a}=-1\left(ko.tm\right)\end{cases}}\)
=> a=9