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Lời giải:
$2x^2-2xy-4y^2=2(x^2-xy-2y^2)$
$=2[(x^2-2xy)+(xy-2y^2)]$
$=2[x(x-2y)+y(x-2y)]$
$=2(x+y)(x-2y)$
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$x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=(x^2-2x+1)-(4y^2+4y+1)$
$=(x-1)^2-(2y+1)^2=(x-1-2y-1)(x-1+2y+1)$
$=(x-2y-2)(x+2y)$
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$x^2-4y^2-x-2y=(x^2-4y^2)-(x+2y)=(x-2y)(x+2y)-(x+2y)$
$=(x+2y)(x-2y-1)$
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2-4y^2-2x-4y\)
\(=\left(x^2-4y^2\right)-\left(2x+4y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
M = 5 - x2 + 2x - 4y2 - 4y
= (- x2 + 2x - 1) + (- 4y2 - 4y - 1) + 7
= 7 - (x - 1)2 - (2y + 1)2\(\le7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 1 và y = - 0,5
(^~^)
M = - x2 + 2xy - 4y2 + 2x + 10y - 8
- M = x2 - 2xy + 4y2 - 2x - 10y + 8
= (y2 + 1 + x2 + 2y - 2xy - 2x) + (3y^2 - 12y + 12) - 5
\(=\left(y+1-x\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2-5\ge-5\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi y = 2 và x = 3.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài 1:
\(N=2x^2+4y^2-2x-4y+15=2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)+\dfrac{27}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(2y-1\right)^2+\dfrac{27}{2}\ge\dfrac{27}{2}\)
\(minN=\dfrac{27}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+9-25x^2+50x-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow21x^2-62x+16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-8\right)\left(7x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{8}{3}\\x=\dfrac{2}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta có : \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=x^2-\left(2y\right)^2-2x-4y\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x-2y-2\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
= x^2 - 2x +1 - ( 4y^2+4y +1) = (x-1)^2 - (2y+1)^2