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Đơn chất: \(O_2\)
Hợp chất là những cái còn lại
\(M_{O_2}=32\)
\(M_{CO}=24+16=40\)
Đơn chất là : O2 ----> PTK : 16.2= 32 DvC
Hợp chất là : CO , SO2, Fe2( SO4)3 , Al(OH)3
\(M_{CO}=12+16=28\left(DvC\right)\\ M_{SO_2}=32+16.2=64\left(DvC\right)\\ M_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=56.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=112+\left(32+64\right).3=400\left(DvC\right)\\ M_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=27+\left(16+1\right).3=78\left(DvC\right)\)
Câu a.
\(M_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=164\)g/mol
\(m_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,3\cdot164=49,2g\)
\(\%Ca=\dfrac{40}{164}\cdot100\%=24,39\%\)
\(m_{Ca}=\%Ca\cdot49,2=12g\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{14\cdot2}{164}\cdot100\%=17,07\%\)
\(m_N=\%N\cdot49,2=8,4g\)
\(m_O=49,2-12-8,4=28,8g\)
Các câu sau em làm tương tự nhé!
a)\(n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{Ca}=n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,3mol\)
\(m_{Ca}=0,3\cdot40=12g\)
\(n_N=2n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=2\cdot0,3=0,6mol\)
\(m_N=0,6\cdot14=8,4g\)
\(n_O=6n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=6\cdot0,3=1,8mol\)
\(m_O=1,8\cdot16=28,8g\)
b)\(n_O=\dfrac{9,6}{16}=0,6mol\)
Mà \(n_O=12n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,6}{12}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m=20g\)
c)\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{3,2}{160}=0,02mol\)
\(n_O=4n_{CuSO_4}=0,08mol=n_{H_2}\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,08\cdot22,4=1,792l\)
nS = 8/32 = 0,25 (mol)
nFe2(SO4)3 = 0,25/3 = 1/12 (mol)
=> nO2 = 1/12 (mol)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 -> (t°) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
nKMnO4 = 1/12 . 2 = 1/6 (mol)
mKMnO4 = 1/6 . 158 = 79/3 (g)
\(N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{80}{400}.6.10^{23}=1,2.10^{23}\left(PT\right)\\ V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{80}{400}.22,4=4,48L\)
\(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{80}{400}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=6.10^{23}\cdot0,2=1,2.10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
Ta có:\(N_{CO_2}=N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,2.10^{23}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+3Cl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3...2:3:2\\ b.Fe_3O_4+2C\rightarrow3Fe+2CO_2...1:2:3:2\\ c.2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O...2:3:1:6\)
Bài 1 :
Số mol , khối lượng , số phân tử của các chất lần lượt là :
\(a.\)\(\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{O_2}=0.05\cdot32=1.6\left(g\right)\)
\(0.05\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=0.3\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{SO_3}=0.1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
\(0.1\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=0.6\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(n_{H_2S}=\dfrac{36}{22.4}=\dfrac{45}{28}\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2S}=\dfrac{45}{28}\cdot34=\dfrac{765}{14}\left(g\right)\)
\(\dfrac{45}{28}\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=\dfrac{135}{14}\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(d.\)
\(n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{C_4H_{10}}=0.2\cdot58=11.6\left(g\right)\)
\(0.2\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=1.2\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
Bài 2 :
\(a.\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
Số phân tử SO3 : \(0.2\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=1.2\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
Số phân tử NaOH : \(0.2\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=1.2\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{16}{400}=0.04\left(mol\right)\)
Số phân tử Fe2(SO4)3 : \(0.04\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=0.24\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(d.\)
\(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34.2}{342}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
Số phân tử Al2(SO4)3 : \(0.1\cdot6\cdot10^{23}=0.6\cdot10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)
\(PTK_{KMnO_4}=1K+1Mn+4O=39.1+55.1+16.4=158\left(đvC\right)\\ PTK_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=2Fe+3\left(SO_4\right)=56.2+3\left(32+16.4\right)=400\left(đvC\right)\\ PTK_{NO_2}=1N+2O=14.1+16.2=46\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=1Mg+2OH=1.24+2.16+2.1=58\left(đvC\right)\\ PTK_{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}}=12C+22H+11O=12.12+22.1+16.11=342\left(đvC\right)\)
a)Ta có:\(PTK_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}\)=78(đvC)
=>\(m_{1Al\left(OH\right)_3}\)=78.1,6605.10-24=1,2952.10-22(g)
=>\(m_{5Al\left(OH\right)_3}\)=5.1,2952.10-22=6,476.10-22(g)
b)Tương tự câu a