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Bài 5:
a) \(A=x^2-4x+9=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(minB=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 4:
a) \(M=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
\(maxM=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(N=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(maxN=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(P=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(maxP=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1
a) 5x²y - 20xy²
= 5xy(x - 4y)
b) 1 - 8x + 16x² - y²
= (1 - 8x + 16x²) - y²
= (1 - 4x)² - y²
= (1 - 4x - y)(1 - 4x + y)
c) 4x - 4 - x²
= -(x² - 4x + 4)
= -(x - 2)²
d) x³ - 2x² + x - xy²
= x(x² - 2x + 1 - y²)
= x[(x² - 2x+ 1) - y²]
= x[(x - 1)² - y²]
= x(x - 1 - y)(x - 1 + y)
= x(x - y - 1)(x + y - 1)
e) 27 - 3x²
= 3(9 - x²)
= 3(3 - x)(3 + x)
f) 2x² + 4x + 2 - 2y²
= 2(x² + 2x + 1 - y²)
= 2[(x² + 2x + 1) - y²]
= 2[(x + 1)² - y²]
= 2(x + 1 - y)(x + 1 + y)
= 2(x - y + 1)(x + y + 1)
Bài 2:
a: \(x^2\left(x-2023\right)+x-2023=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2023\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2+1>=1>0\forall x\)
nên x-2023=0
=>x=2023
b:
ĐKXĐ: x<>0
\(-x\left(x-4\right)+\left(2x^3-4x^2-9x\right):x=0\)
=>\(-x\left(x-4\right)+2x^2-4x-9=0\)
=>\(-x^2+4x+2x^2-4x-9=0\)
=>\(x^2-9=0\)
=>(x-3)(x+3)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(\left(x^2+2x\right)-\left(3x+6\right)=0\)
=>\(x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>(x+2)(x-3)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: 3x(x-10)-2x+20=0
=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-\left(2x-20\right)=0\)
=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-2\left(x-10\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-10\right)\left(3x-2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-10=0\\3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
a: \(5x^2y-20xy^2\)
\(=5xy\cdot x-5xy\cdot4y\)
\(=5xy\left(x-4y\right)\)
b: \(1-8x+16x^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(16x^2-8x+1\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(4x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(4x-1-y\right)\left(4x-1+y\right)\)
c: \(4x-4-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
d: \(x^3-2x^2+x-xy^2\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)
e: \(27-3x^2\)
\(=3\left(9-x^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
f: \(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)
Tìm GTLN:
\(A=-x^2+6x-15\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+15\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2.x.3+9+6\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+3\right)^2-6\le0\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy Amax = - 6 tại x = 3
Tìm GTNN :
\(A=x^2-4x+7\)
\(=x^2+2.x.2+4+3\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2+3\ge0\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi:
\(x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy Amin = 3 tại x = - 2
Các câu còn lại làm tương tự nhé... :)
1. a . 3x2 - 6x = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
b. x3 - 13x = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-13\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^2-13=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=\pm\sqrt{13}\end{cases}}\)
c. 5x ( x - 2001 ) - x + 2001 = 0
<=> 5x ( x - 2001 ) - ( x - 2001 ) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-1\right)\left(x-2001\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}5x-1=0\\x-2001=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{5}\\x=2001\end{cases}}\)
`a)` Thay `x=2` vào `B` có: `B=[-10]/[2-4]=5`
`b)` Với `x ne -1;x ne -5` có:
`A=[(x+2)(x+1)-5x-1-(x+5)]/[(x+1)(x+5)]`
`A=[x^2+x+2x+2-5x-1-x-5]/[(x+1)(x+5)]`
`A=[x^2-3x-4]/[(x+1)(x+5)]`
`A=[(x+1)(x-4)]/[(x+1)(x+5)]`
`A=[x-4]/[x+5]`
`c)` Với `x ne -5; x ne -1; x ne 4` có:
`P=A.B=[x-4]/[x+5].[-10]/[x-4]`
`=[-10]/[x+5]`
Để `P` nguyên `<=>[-10]/[x+5] in ZZ`
`=>x+5 in Ư_{-10}`
Mà `Ư_{-10}={+-1;+-2;+-5;+-10}`
`=>x={-4;-6;-3;-7;0;-10;5;-15}` (t/m đk)
Cái này cứ hằng đẳng thức là ra hếthết