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b) Ta có : \(\dfrac{2a}{3}=\dfrac{3b}{4}=\dfrac{4c}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{3}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}}=\dfrac{49}{\dfrac{49}{12}}=12\)
Khi đó \(a=12.\dfrac{3}{2}=18;b=12.\dfrac{4}{3}=16;c=12.\dfrac{5}{4}=15\)
Vậy (a,b,c) = (18,16,15)
Câu a, b, c giống dạng nhau nên mình làm một câu a và câu d thôi nha, bạn tham khảo ^^
Giải:
a) \(a=\dfrac{b}{2}=\dfrac{c}{3}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau:
\(a=\dfrac{b}{2}=\dfrac{c}{3}=\dfrac{a-b+c}{1-2+3}=\dfrac{10}{2}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5.1=5\\b=2.5=10\\c=3.5=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(a:b:c=3:4:5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{9}=\dfrac{b^2}{16}=\dfrac{c^2}{25}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{18}=\dfrac{2b^2}{32}=\dfrac{3c^2}{75}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ sô bằng nhau:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{18}=\dfrac{2b^2}{32}=\dfrac{3c^2}{75}=\dfrac{2a^2+2b^2-3c^2}{18+32-75}=\dfrac{-100}{-25}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{4.18}{2}=36\\b^2=\dfrac{4.32}{2}=64\\c^2=\dfrac{4.75}{3}=100\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\pm6\\b=\pm8\\c=\pm10\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)
\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}\)(1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
nên \(\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)
mà a+b+c=2
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{8+12+15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\)
Do đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{16}{35}\\b=\dfrac{24}{35}\\c=\dfrac{30}{35}=\dfrac{6}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{16}{35}\); \(b=\dfrac{24}{35}\); \(c=\dfrac{6}{7}\)
b) Ta có: 2a=3b=5c
nên \(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}\)
mà a+b-c=3
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{19}{30}}=\dfrac{90}{19}\)
Do đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=\dfrac{90}{19}\\3b=\dfrac{90}{19}\\5c=\dfrac{90}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{45}{19}\\b=\dfrac{30}{19}\\c=\dfrac{18}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{45}{19}\); \(b=\dfrac{30}{19}\); \(c=\dfrac{18}{19}\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
\(3a=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{8c}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{6a}{2}=\dfrac{5b}{\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot5}=\dfrac{16c}{6}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{6a}{2}=\dfrac{5b}{2}=\dfrac{16c}{6}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(3a=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{2}{5}}=\dfrac{8c}{3}=\dfrac{6a}{2}=\dfrac{5b}{2}=\dfrac{16c}{6}=\dfrac{6a+5b+16c}{2+2+6}=\dfrac{10}{10}=1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{3}\\b=\dfrac{2}{5}\\c=\dfrac{3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Ta có:
+) a/2=b/3
=>a=2b/3
+) b/5=c/4
=>c=4b/5
Lại có:
a-b+c=49
=> 2b/3 -b + 4b/5 =49
=> 7b/15==49
=> b= 105
Khi đó:
+) a=2b/3=2.105/3=70
+)c=4b/5=4.105/5=84
Vậy a=70; b=105; c=84...
chúc bạn học tốt
thank!