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a) \(P=\left|x-2016\right|+\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-2018\right|\)
*TH1: \(x< 2016\):
\(P=2016-x+2017-x+2018-x=6051-3x>6051-3\cdot2016=3\)
*TH2: \(2016\le x< 2017\):
\(P=x-2016+2017-x+2018-x=2019-x>2019-2017=2\)
*TH3: \(2017\le x< 2018\):
\(P=x-2016+x-2017+2018-x=x-2015\ge2017-2015=2\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 2017)
*TH4: \(x\ge2018\):
\(P=x-2016+x-2017+x-2018=3x-6051\ge3\cdot2018-6051=3\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 2018)
Vậy GTNN của P là 2 khi x = 2017.
b) \(x-2xy+y-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-2y\right)+y-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{5}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(\frac{1}{2}-y\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}-y\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}-y\right)=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(1-2y\right)=5\)
| 2x-1 | 5 | -5 | 1 | -1 |
| 1-2y | 1 | -1 | 5 | -5 |
| x | 3 | -2 | 1 | 0 |
| y | 0 | 1 | -2 | 3 |
\(A=\left|x+\frac{3}{2}\right|\)
Vì \(\left|x+\frac{3}{2}\right|\ge0\)
Vậy \(GTNN_A=0\)tại \(x=\frac{-3}{2}\)
\(B=\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\)nên \(\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(GTNN_B=\frac{3}{4}\)tại \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left|x-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{4}{5}\right|=\left|-3,2+\frac{2}{5}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{4}{5}=-3,2+\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{4}{5}=-\frac{14}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{14}{5}-\frac{4}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{18}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-49}{15}\)
