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\(\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2\left(2+1\right)^2}{2a.\left(\Sigma a\right)+2a^2+bc}\right)\le\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{4a^2}{2a\left(\Sigma a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
\(=\Sigma\left(\dfrac{1}{9}.\left(\dfrac{2a}{\Sigma a}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
Cần chứng minh \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)
<=> \(\Sigma\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}\ge1\) (*)
Đặt (x;y;z) -------> \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Suy ra (*) <=> \(\Sigma\frac{x^2}{x^2+2xy}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\frac{\Sigma x^2}{\Sigma x^2}\ge1\) (đúng)
Vậy \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\le1\)
Suy ra \(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\le\frac{1}{9}\left(2+1\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1
Theo AM - GM và Bunhiacopski ta có được
\(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\ge\frac{2}{xy}\ge\frac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Khi đó \(LHS\ge\left[\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+z^2\right]\left[\frac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right]\)
\(\)\(=\left[\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{z}{x+y}\right)^2\right]\left[8+\left(\frac{x+y}{z}\right)^2\right]\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{z}{x+y}\ge1\)
Khi đó:\(LHS\ge\left(\frac{1}{2}+t^2\right)\left(8+\frac{1}{t^2}\right)=8t^2+\frac{1}{2t^2}+5\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2t^2}+\frac{t^2}{2}\right)+\frac{15t^2}{2}+5\ge\frac{27}{2}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Ta có:
\(VT-VP=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\Sigma xy\right)\left(\Sigma x\right)\left[z\left(x+y\right)-xy\right]\left(z-x-y\right)}{x^2y^2z^2\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2\left(2x+y\right)^2\left(x+2y\right)^2}{2x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge0\)
Vì \(z\left(x+y\right)-xy\ge\left(x+y\right)^2-xy\ge4xy-xy>0\)
\(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{4}{2x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{2^2}{2x}+\frac{1^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(2+1\right)^2}{2x+y}=\frac{9}{2x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y
Ta đi chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau :
\(\frac{a^2}{m}+\frac{b^2}{n}+\frac{c^2}{p}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{m+n+p}\left(m;n;p>0\right)\)
Thật vậy : Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki có
\(\left(\frac{a^2}{m}+\frac{b^2}{n}+\frac{c^2}{p}\right)\left(m+n+p\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{m}}.\sqrt{m}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{n}}.\sqrt{n}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{p}}.\sqrt{p}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{m}+\frac{b^2}{n}+\frac{c^2}{p}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{m+n+p}\)
Áp dụng ta được
\(\frac{1}{2x+y}=\frac{1}{9}.\frac{9}{x+x+y}=\frac{1}{9}.\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+x+y}\le\frac{1}{9}.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Dấu "='' xảy ra <<=> x = y