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a: =>2x+1=27
=>2x=26
=>x=13
b: =>\(\sqrt[3]{x+5}=x+5\)
=>x+5=(x+5)^3
=>(x+5)(x+4)(x+6)=0
=>x=-5;x=-4;x=-6
c: =>2-3x=-8
=>3x=10
=>x=10/3
d: =>\(\sqrt[3]{x-1}=x-1\)
=>(x-1)^3=(x-1)
=>x(x-1)(x-2)=0
=>x=0;x=1;x=2
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\(ĐK:-\dfrac{1}{3}\le x\le2\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x+1}-2\right)-x+1-\sqrt{2-x}\left(\sqrt{2-x}-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}-\left(x-1\right)-\dfrac{\sqrt{2-x}\left(1-x\right)}{\sqrt{2-x}+1}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{2-x}+1}-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{2-x}+1}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\) thì \(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x+1}+2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{2-x}+1}-1>0\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le x\le2\)
\(\sqrt{3x+1}=3-\sqrt{2-x}\) (do \(-\dfrac{1}{3}\le x\le2\Rightarrow3-\sqrt{2-x}\ge3-\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{3}}>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+1=9+2-x-6\sqrt{3-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{2-x}=5-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(2-x\right)=\left(5-2x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-11x+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{7}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\sqrt[]{5-x^6}+\sqrt[]{3x^4-2}=1\left(1\right)\)
Điều kiện \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5-x^6\ge0\\3x^4-2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^6\le5\\x^4\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\sqrt[6]{5}\le x\le\sqrt[6]{5}\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}\\x\ge\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\sqrt[6]{5}\le x\le-\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}\\\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}\le x\le\sqrt[6]{5}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) thỏa \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5-x^6\le1\\3x^4-2\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^6\le4\\x^4\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\sqrt[3]{2}\\0\le x\le1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow0\le x\le1\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}\le x\le1\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{2}{3}}< x< 1\)
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.\(đk:x\ge4\) \(x+\sqrt{x}+1+\left(2\sqrt{5}-1\right)\sqrt{x}=3x-2\sqrt{x-4}.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow(x-2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{x}+5)+[(x-4)-2\sqrt{x-4}+1]=-3.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow[\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{5}]^2+[\sqrt{x-4}-1]^2=-3.\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đk: \(x\ge6\)
pt\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2+4x}=5\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x^2-3x-18}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+4x=25x+x^2-3x-18+10\sqrt{x\left(x^2-3x-18\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-9x+9=5\sqrt{x^3-3x^2-18x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4+81x^2+81-36x^3-162x+36x^2=25\left(x^3-3x^2-18x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^4-61x^3+192x^2+288x+81=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-9\right)\left(4x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)\left(x-\dfrac{7+\sqrt{61}}{2}\right)\left(x-\dfrac{7-\sqrt{61}}{2}\right)=0\)
mà x \(\ge6\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+3>0\\x-\dfrac{7-\sqrt{61}}{2}>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-9\right)\left(x-\dfrac{7+\sqrt{61}}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\x=\dfrac{7+\sqrt{61}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy.....
Sau khi bình phương lần thứ nhất, đến:
\(2x^2-9x+9=5\sqrt{x^3-3x^2-18}\)
Thay vì bình phương tiếp lên bậc 4 rất cồng kềnh, em có thể đặt ẩn phụ:
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-9x+9=5\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-6x\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-6x}=a\\\sqrt{x+3}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:
\(2a^2+3b^2=5ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-3b\right)=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Giải phương trình sau:
√3x2−5x+1−√x2−2=√3(x2−x−1)−√x2−3x+4
ĐKXD: \(3x^2-7x+5\ge0;x^2-x+4\ge0;3x^2-5x+1\ge0\)
Phương trình tương đương
\(\sqrt{3x^2-7x+5}-\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}=\sqrt{x^2-2}-\sqrt{x^2-x+4}\)
\(\left(=\right)\frac{-2\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+5}+\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}}=\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x^2+2}+\sqrt{x^2-x+4}}\)
\(\left(=\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(\frac{-2}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+5}+\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+2}+\sqrt{x^2-x+4}}\right)=0\)
Dễ đàng đánh giá Trường hợp còn lại nhỏ hơn 0. Từ đó suy ra x=2(thỏa)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3x-5}}=\sqrt{x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x-5}+2=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x-5}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1-3x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(nhận\right)\\x=3\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2+\sqrt{3x-5}\ge0\\3x-5\ge0\\x+1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x-5}\ge-2\\x\ge\dfrac{5}{3}\\x\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x\ge\dfrac{5}{3}\)