Question

[Dương Minh]

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.

Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria.

Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.

Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed.

Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze the, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about blood transfused to infants and newborns?

A. It is treated with radiant energy.

B. It is not treated differently from adults.

C. It is not dangerous for children. 

D. It is rigorously tested as blood for adults.

Answer 1

[Nguyen Hoang Hai]

ĐÁP ÁN A

Câu đề bài: Dựa vào thông tin cơ bản trong bài, những gì có thể được suy ra về máu được truyền cho trẻ con và trẻ sơ sinh?

Đáp án A: Nó được xử lí bằng năng lượng bức xạ

Các đáp án còn lại:

B. Nó không được xử lí khác biệt so với người lớn

C. Nó không nguy hiểm cho trẻ em

D. Nó được kiểm tra chặt chẽ như máu cho người lớn.

Thông tin trong bài:

When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to elỉminate harmful elements.

Khi người nhận máu là một em bé hay trẻ sơ sinh, máu thường được chiếu xạ để loại bỏ những nhân to có hại.