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a:
Số số hạng trong dãy M là:
(1002-12):10+1=100(số)
=>Sẽ có 50 cặp (1002;992); (982;972);....;(22;12) có hiệu bằng 10
\(M=1002-992+982-972+...+22-12\)
\(=\left(1002-992\right)+\left(982-972\right)+...+\left(22-12\right)\)
\(=10+10+...+10\)
=10*50=500
b: \(N=\left(202+182+...+42+22\right)-\left(192+172+...+32+12\right)\)
\(=\left(202-192\right)+\left(182-172\right)+...+\left(22-12\right)\)
=10+10+...+10
=10*10=100
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Each term of S is n!(n2 + n + 1) = n![n(n + 1) + 1] = n(n + 1)n! + n!
By definition, n(n + 1)n! + n! = n! + n(n + 1)!
Therefore, S can be simplified as
1! + 1.2! + 2! + 2.3! + ... + 100! + 100.101!
So \(\dfrac{S+1}{101!}=\dfrac{1+1!+1\cdot2!+2!+2\cdot3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{2!+1\cdot2!+2!+2\cdot3!+3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{3!+2\cdot3!+3!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{4!+3\cdot4!+4!+...+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=...\)
\(=\dfrac{100!+99\cdot100!+100!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=\dfrac{101!+100\cdot101!}{101!}\)
\(=1+100=101\)
Hence, \(\dfrac{S+1}{101!}=101\)
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\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
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\(M=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\right)\)
Đặt \(N=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(2N=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^9}\)
\(\Rightarrow2N-N=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow N=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2^{10}}>\dfrac{1}{2^{11}}\)
Vậy \(M>\dfrac{1}{2^{11}}\)
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