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Put one suitable word in each space
Energy is one of the (1)___problem___ that many people interested in. It is not an unfamiliar word. It is heard, said, discussed say after day. It is close to everyone's (2)___daily_____life. You turn on the lamp and it is (3)__energy ____ that gives you light. You turn on a TV and it is energy that gives you pictures and sound. You ride a motorcycle and it is energy that gives you (4)____movement__ You cook your meals and it is energy that gives you heat to boil rice
The problem is that the demand for energy is rising and that the price of energy is getting (5)__higher____ and higher. The supply of energy on earth is limited. It can not provide us all forever. The (6)__supply___ of energy in the future is inevitable. Therefore, saving energy is a must if we want to (7)____continue_____ to live in a safe and sound world. If we save energy, the (8)__environtment_____ will be less polluted and our health will be better and we will live a more meaningful life and more happily. Perhaps the best (9)____solution____ to the problem of energy is a source of clean energy coming from the sun : solar energy. This kind of energy is easy available, free, and inexhaustible. Futhermore, it does not cause (10)___pollution___
When we look across a field, how do we know that one distant object is bigger than another or that one object is behind another, not in front of it? In other words, how do we see things in three dimensions, in proper relation to each other, instead of seeing every thing “ flat ”? The answer is that when we see things we see things in the light of experience. Our minds and memories help us to interpret what we see. For instance, experience gives us an idea about the size of things. A man on a boat some distance from the shore looks much smaller than a man on the beach. But you don’t think that one is very large man and the other a very small man. What you say to yourself is that one man is nearby and the other is far away.
Read the following passage and do the tasks below:
Day after day we hear about how anthropogenic development is causing global warming. According to an increasingly vocal minority, however, we should be asking ourselves how much of this is media hype and how much is based on real evidence. It seems, as so often is the case that it depends on which expert you listen to, or which statistics you study.
Yes, it is true that there is a mass of evidence to indicate that the world is getting warmer, with one of the world's leading weather predictors stating that air temperatures have shown an increase of just under half a degree Celsius since the beginning of the twentieth century. And while this may not sound like anything worth losing sleep over, the international press would have us believe that the consequences could be devastating. Other experts, however, are of the opinion that what we are seeing is just part of a natural upward and downward swing that has always been part of the cycle of global weather. An analysis of the views of major meteorologists in the United States showed that less than 20% of them believed that any change in temperature over the last hundred years was our own fault - the rest attributed it to natural cyclical changes.
There is, of course, no denying that we are still at a very early stage in understanding weather. The effects of such variables as rainfall, cloud formation, the seas and oceans gases such as methane and ozone, or even solar energy are still not really understood, and therefore the predictions that we make using them cannot always be relied on. Dr. James Hansen, in 1988, was predicting that the likely effects of global warming would be a rising of world temperature which would have disastrous consequences for mankind: “a strong cause and effect relationship between the current climate and human alteration of the atmosphere ". He has now gone on record as stating that using artificial models of climate as a way of predicting change is all but impossible. In fact, he now believes that, rather than getting hotter, our planet is getting greener as a result of the carbon dioxide increase, with the prospect of increasing vegetation in areas which in recent history have been frozen wastelands.
In fact, there is some evidence to suggest that as our computer-based weather models have become more sophisticated, the predicted rises in temperature have been cut back. In addition, if we look at the much reported rise in global temperature over the last century, a close analysis reveals that the lion's share of that increase, almost three quarters in total, occurred before man began to "poison" his world with industrial processes and the accompanying greenhouse gas emissions in the second half of the twentieth century.
So should we pay any attention to those stories that scream out at us from billboards and television news headlines, claiming that man, with his inexhaustible dependence on oil-based machinery and ever more sophisticated forms of transport is creating a nightmare level of greenhouse gas emissions, poisoning his environment and ripping open the ozone layer? Doubters point to scientific evidence, which can prove that, of all the greenhouse gases, only two percent come from man-made sources, the rest resulting from natural emissions. Who, then, to believe: the environmentalist exhorting us to leave the car at home, to buy re-usable products packaged in recycled paper and to plant trees in our back yard? Or the skeptics, including, of course, a lot of big businesses who have most to lose, when they tell us that we are making a mountain out of a molehill? And my own opinion? The jury's still out as far as I am concerned!
Question 1-6: Choose the appropriate letters (A, B, C or D), based on the information from the passage.
1. The author ........
A believes that man is causing global warming
B believes that global warming is a natural process
C is sure what the causes of global warming are
D does not say what he believes the causes of global warming are
2. As to the cause of global warming, the author believes that ........
A occasionally the facts depend on who you are talking toB the facts always depend on who you are talking to
C often the facts depend on which expert you listen to
D you should not speak to experts
3. More than 80% of the top meteorologists in the United States are of the opinion that .........
A global warming should make us lose sleep
B global warming is not the result of natural cyclical changes, but man-made
C the consequences of global warming will be devastating
D global warming is not man-made, but the result of natural cyclical changes
4. Our understanding of weather ...........
A leads to reliable predictions
B is variable
C cannot be denied
D is not very developed yet
5. Currently, Dr. James Hansen's beliefs include the fact that .......
A it is nearly impossible to predict weather change using artificial models
B the consequences of global warming would be disastrous for mankind
C there is a significant link between the climate now, and man's changing of the atmosphere
D Earth is getting colder
6. Which of these is the best title for this text?
A Global Warming is for real
B Global warming - media hype or genuine threat?
C Weather changes over the last 100 years
D Global Warming - the greatest threat to mankind
B. Use the words given in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in the space.
1. The first inhabitants of Iceland were a group of _Norwegian_ families who settled on the island in AD 874. NORWAY
2. There was disagreement about whether the country needs to maintain a _deterence_. DETER
3. Hundreds of _ evacuees_ from the war zone have arrived in the city and we are trying to find homes for them. EVACUATE
4. _Bedridden patients are often given exercises to help prevent their muscles from becoming stiff. BED
5. It was this passion for fast cars that led to his _untimely_ death at the age of 33. TIME
6. Every effort is made to _rectify_ any errors before the book is printed. RIGHT
7. In a recent opinion poll, a majority of _respondents__ were against nuclear weapons. RESPONSE
8. Her mouth is _seductively__ lipsticked and her eyes are wide open with anticipation. SEDUCE
9. The script has a refreshing _spontaneity_ and sparkle. SPONTANEOUS
10. It’s better to be an _omnivore_ and eat a variety of plant and animals in case there is a shortage of one particular kind of food.
Chúng ta sống trong một thế giới năng động, và môi trường sống luôn luôn trải qua những thay đổi ở tất cả các cấp độ. Tuy nhiên, những thay đổi tự nhiên thường xảy ra ở tốc độ chậm để tác động đến từng loài có xu hướng nhỏ - ít nhất là trong ngắn hạn
Khi tốc độ thay đổi được tăng tốc đáng kể, có thể không có thời gian để các loài cá thể phản ứng với hoàn cảnh mới, và các hiệu ứng có thể là thảm họa. Tóm lại, đây là lý do khiến mất môi trường sống nhanh chóng được coi là nguyên nhân chính gây nguy hiểm cho loài, và không có lực lượng nào mạnh hơn trong vấn đề này so với con người. Ở một mức độ nào đó, mọi phần của trái đất đã bị ảnh hưởng bởi các hoạt động của con người, đặc biệt là trong thế kỷ qua. Điều này áp dụng trên hầu hết mọi quy mô, từ việc mất vi khuẩn trong đất đã từng hỗ trợ rừng nhiệt đới, đến sự tuyệt chủng của cá và các loài thủy sinh khác trong môi trường nước ngọt bị ô nhiễm, thay đổi khí hậu toàn cầu gây ra bởi việc thải khí nhà kính. Từ quan điểm của một đời người, những thay đổi như vậy có thể khó phát hiện và ảnh hưởng của chúng đối với từng loài có thể khó dự đoán. Nhưng bài học là đủ rõ ràng. Ví dụ, mặc dù nhiều quốc gia đã có kế hoạch trồng nhiều khu rừng nhiệt đới, chúng rất dễ bị phá hủy bởi vì các loại đất mà chúng phát triển rất nghèo trong các chất dinh dưỡng sẵn có. Nhiều thế kỷ có thể được yêu cầu mang lại một khu rừng bị cắt giảm hoặc bị đốt cháy trong không gian vài năm. Nhiều loài động vật và thực vật bị đe dọa nghiêm trọng trên thế giới sống trong các khu rừng như vậy, và chắc chắn rằng một số lượng lớn chúng sẽ biến mất nếu tỷ lệ mất rừng hiện tại tiếp tục. Môi trường sống trên thế giới là không thể thay đổi và tồn tại cố định.
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