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a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(2mol\) \(6mol\) \(2mol\) \(3mol\)
\(0,27\) \(x\) \(y\) \(z\)
b) ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{7,3}{27}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
theo PT: \(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,27.133,5=36,045\left(g\right)\)
c) ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m_{H_2}}{M_{H_2}}=\) \(\dfrac{0,27.3}{2}=0,405\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,405.22,4=9,072\left(l\right)\)
`a)PTHH:`
`2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`
`0,2` `0,6` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)`
`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,6.36,5]/10 . 100 =219(g)`
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1mol\)
Bài 1 :
a. \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1 0,3 0,15
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
a. \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2.3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2
0,1 0,1 0,05
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)
a) pt: 2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
Theo pt: nH2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}nAl=0,3mol\)
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72lit
c) nHCl = 3nAl = 0,6mol
=> mHCl = 21,9g
=> C% = \(\dfrac{21,9}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
d) Bảo toàn khối lượng
mdung dich muối = mAl + mHCl - mH2
= 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8g
Theo pt:nAlCl3 = nAl = 0,2mol
=> mAlCl3 = 0,2.133,5 = 26,7g
=> C%dd muối = \(\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13,03\%\)
e) H2 + CuO \(\xrightarrow[]{t^o}\) Cu + H2O
nCu = nH2 = 0,3mol
=> mCu = 0,3.64 = 19,2g
a. 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b. nAl = \(\dfrac{8.1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(mol\right)\)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3 H2
b) nHCl=0,6(mol); nAl=0,3(mol)
Ta có: 0,3/2 > 0,6/6
=> HCl hết, Al dư, tính theo nHCl
c) nH2= 3/6 . nHCl=3/6 . 0,6= 0,3(mol)
=> V=V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4= 6,72(l)