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Do \(2x^2=y\left(x^2+1\right)\Rightarrow y\ge0\), tương tự ta có \(x;y;z\ge0\)
- Nhận thấy \(x=y=z=0\) là 1 nghiệm
- Nếu \(x;y;z>0\)
\(y\left(x^2+1\right)\ge y.2x=2xy\Rightarrow2x^2\ge2xy\Rightarrow x\ge y\)
Tương tự ta có \(y\ge z;z\ge x\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Thay vào pt đầu ta có
\(2x^2=x\left(x^2+1\right)\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=z=0\\x=y=z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+5\\2y+10+y=11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{16}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=1-2y\\1-2y+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\3y+6+2y=11\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-2x+2y^2-y-1=0\\2y^2+2x+y+1-6xy=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2x^2+4y^2-6xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
Thế vào 1 trong 2 pt ban đầu
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6\left(x+y\right)=8+2x-3y\\5\left(y-x\right)=5+3x+2y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+6y=8+2x-3y\\5y-5x=5+3x+2y\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2x+6y+3y=8\\-5x-3x+5y-2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+9y=8\\-8x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+9y=8\\-24x+9y=15\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}28x=-7\\4x+9y=8\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7}{28}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\4.\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+9y=8\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ Vậy:\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{4};1\right)\)
\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y+4\\-4y-8+5y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\cdot5+4=14\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-30+6x=3\\y=10-2x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-2y\\6y-12+y=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{10}{7}\\y=\dfrac{19}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x,y,z\ge0\)
Từ pt đầu tiên, áp dụng BĐT Cauchy: \(1+y\ge2\sqrt{y}\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(1+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow2y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}\ge\sqrt{x}\Rightarrow y\ge x\)
Tương tự ta có \(2z=\sqrt{y}\left(1+z\right)\ge2\sqrt{yz}\Rightarrow z\ge y\)
\(2x=\sqrt{z}\left(1+x\right)\ge2\sqrt{xz}\Rightarrow x\ge z\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\ge x\\z\ge y\\x\ge z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Thay vào pt đầu ta được:
\(\sqrt{x}\left(1+x\right)=2x\Leftrightarrow2x-\sqrt{x}\left(1+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}-1-x\right)=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0\\-x+2\sqrt{x}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0\\-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=z=0\\x=y=z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ có 2 bộ nghiệm:
\(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(0,0,0\right);\left(1,1,1\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2\left|y\right|=9\\2x+3\left|y\right|=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-4\left|y\right|=18\\6x+9\left|y\right|=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-13\left|y\right|=15\\3x-2\left|y\right|=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y\right|=\dfrac{-15}{13}\\3x-2\left|y\right|=9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\)Phương trình vô nghiệmVậy: \(S=\varnothing\)
$\begin{cases}3x-2|y|=9\\2x+3|y|=1\\\end{cases}$
`<=>` $\begin{cases}6x-4|y|=18\\6x+9|y|=3\\\end{cases}$
`<=>` $\begin{cases}13|y|=-15(loại)\\|3x|-2|y|=9\\\end{cases}$
Vậy HPT vô nghiệm
