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Ta có:
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(y+\frac{1}{x}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2-2xy-1=0\)
Giải ra tìm được xy thế vô pt sau giải tiếp
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn
\(\hept{\begin{cases}y^6+y^3+2x^2=\sqrt{xy-x^2y^2}\left(1\right)\\4xy^3+y^2+\frac{1}{2}\ge2x^2+\sqrt{1+\left(2x-y\right)^2}\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(VP\left(1\right)=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}-\left(xy-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow VT\left(1\right)=y^6+y^3+2x^2\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^3+4x^2\le1\left(3\right)\)
Từ (2)(3) => \(8xy^3+2y^3+2\ge2y^6+4x^2+4x^2+2\sqrt{1+\left(2x-y\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8xy^3+2\ge2y^6+8x^2+2\sqrt{2+\left(2x-y\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4xy^3+1\ge y^6+4x^2+\sqrt{1+\left(2x-y\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\sqrt{1+\left(2x-y\right)^2}\ge y^6-4xy^3+4x^2=\left(y^3-2x\right)^2\left(4\right)\)
\(VT\left(4\right)\le0;VP\left(4\right)\ge0\). Do đó:
(4) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2x\\y^3=2x\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=2x\\y^3=y\end{cases}}}\)<=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=0\end{cases}}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=1\end{cases}}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-1}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Thử lại chỉ có \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{-1}{2};-1\right)\)thỏa mãn
Vậy hệ đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{-1}{2};-1\right)\)
Đặt x +\(\frac{1}{x}\) =a, y+\(\frac{1}{y}\)=b
| hpt<=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2-2+b^2-2=1\\a+b=3\end{cases}}\) | |
|---|---|
| đến đây thì dễ rồi , có tổng với tích | |
| bạn tìm ra a,b rồi tương tự tìm x,y |
Hpt cho tương đương:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}xy-x-y+1=6\\\frac{1}{\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-1}+\frac{1}{\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-1}=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=6\\\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)^2-1}+\frac{1}{\left(y-1\right)^2-1}=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}}}\)
Đặt \(x-1=a,y-1=b\)(dễ thấy a,b khác 0). Khi đó hệ trở thành:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}ab=6\\\frac{1}{a^2-1}+\frac{1}{b^2-1}=\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b=\frac{6}{a}\\\frac{1}{a^2-1}+\frac{1}{\frac{36}{a^2}-1}=\frac{2}{3}\left(1\right)\end{cases}}}\)
Giải (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2-1}+\frac{a^2}{36-a^2}=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(36-a^2\right)+3a^2\left(a^2-1\right)}{3\left(a^2-1\right)\left(36-a^2\right)}=\frac{2\left(a^2-1\right)\left(36-a^2\right)}{3\left(a^2-1\right)\left(36-a^2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow108-3a^2+3a^4-3a^2=74a^2-2a^4-72\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-16a^2+36=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-8\right)^2=28\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a^2=8+2\sqrt{7}\\a^2=8-2\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}\\a=\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=1+\sqrt{7}\\a=1-\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\)
Suy ra: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=1+\sqrt{7}\\b=\frac{6}{a}\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=1-\sqrt{7}\\b=\frac{6}{a}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1+\sqrt{7}\\b=\sqrt{7}-1\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=1-\sqrt{7}\\b=-1-\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2+\sqrt{7}\\y=\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2-\sqrt{7}\\y=-\sqrt{7}\end{cases}}\). Kết luận:...