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ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1;x\ne-1\)
\(\dfrac{x+2}{x-1}-\dfrac{x-2}{x+1}=4\\ \)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}{x^2-1}=4\\\)
\( \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+3x+2-x^2+3x-2}{x^2-1}=4\\ \)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x=4x^2-4\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x-2=0\\ \)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};2\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-1\ge0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-1}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow t=t^2\Rightarrow t\left(t-1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-1}=0\\\sqrt{x^2-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\x=\pm\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-3}\ge0\) mà \(\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x-3}=-5< 0\Rightarrow\) không có x thỏa
c) \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}+\left|x-4\right|=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-4\right|=0\) mà \(\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-4\right|\ge0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\) không có x thỏa
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1) \(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|=5x-20\) (1)
Vì \(VT\ge0\) nên \(5x-20\ge0\) hay \(x\ge4\)
Do đó
\(\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-4\right|=x-1+x-2+x-3+x-4=4x-10\)
(1) tương đương với
\(4x-10=5x-20\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=10\) (Nhận)
Bài 2) tương tự
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c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(1+y\right)=2\\3\left(x-2\right)-2\left(1+y\right)=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6\left(x-2\right)+9\left(1+y\right)=6\\6\left(x-2\right)-4\left(1+y\right)=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}13\left(1+y\right)=12\\2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(1+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{21}{13}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)\left(y-2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(y-1\right)\\\left(x-4\right)\left(y+7\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(y+4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-2x-5y+10=xy-x+2y-2\\xy+7x-4y-28=xy+4x-3y-12\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-7y=-12\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-7y=-12\\21x-7y=112\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}22x=124\\3x-y=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{62}{11}\\y=\dfrac{10}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a) (x2 - 4x)2 = 4(x2 - 4x)
<=> (x2 - 4x)(x2 - 4x - 4) = 0
<=> x(x - 4)(x2 - 4x - 4) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\\\left(x-2\right)^2=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\\x=\pm\sqrt{8}+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) (x + 2)2 - x + 1 = (x - 1)(x + 1)
<=> x2 + 4x + 4 - x + 1 = x2 - 1
<=> 3x + 5 = -1
<=> x = -2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Ta có: \(\sqrt{1-x^2}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x^2=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\left(loại\right)\\x=1\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+4}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+2\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=x-2\left(x\ge-2\right)\\x+2=2-x\left(x< -2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow2x=0\)
hay x=0(loại)
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a) \(\sqrt{-x^2+x+4}=x-3\left(đk:x\ge3\right)\)
\(-x^2+x+4=x^2-6x+9\)
\(2x^2-7x-5=0\)
\(\Delta=49-4.2.\left(-5\right)=89\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7+\sqrt{89}}{4}\left(TM\right)\\x=\dfrac{7-\sqrt{89}}{4}\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\sqrt{-2x^2+6}=x-1\left(đk:x\ge1\right)\)
\(-2x^2+6=x^2-2x+1\)
\(3x^2-2x-5=0\)
\(\Delta=4+4.3.5=64\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2-8}{6}=-1\left(L\right)\\x=\dfrac{2+8}{6}=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\sqrt{x+2}=1+\sqrt{x-3}\left(Đk:x\ge3\right)\)
\(x+2=1+x-3+2\sqrt{x-3}\)
\(\sqrt{x-3}=2\)
\(x-3=4\)
\(x=7\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
e: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=1\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{3}{y}=3\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-7}{y}=-2\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{7}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{x}=1+\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{7}{2}\\x=\dfrac{7}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Điều kiện xác định: x ≠ -1; x ≠ -2.
Quy đồng và khử mẫu ta được:
4.(x + 2) = -x2 – x + 2
⇔ 4x + 8 = -x2 – x + 2
⇔ 4x + 8 + x2 + x – 2 = 0
⇔ x2 + 5x + 6 = 0.
Có a = 1; b = 5; c = 6 ⇒ Δ = 52 – 4.1.6 = 1 > 0
⇒ Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt:
Chỉ có nghiệm x2 = -3 thỏa mãn điều kiện xác định.
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm x = -3.