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1.Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với MỘT từ thích hợp.
The major cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the weakness in industrial wastewater management. Many factories (65)____use_______ fresh water to carry away waste (66)______from______ their plants into canals, rivers, and lakes. Most of them do not have (67)______any_____ wastewater treatment system. Industrial waste water is directly discharged into canals, lakes, ponds, and rivers, causing serious (68)___pollution_____ of surface water. For example, (69)____in_____ 2008. Vedan factory, a sodium glutamate plant, released their untreated industrial wastewater into the Thi Vai River and (70)____caused_______ tons of fish and ducks in the river to die.
Another cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the lack of awareness among citizens. Every day people generate a lot of (71)_____trash_____, and they throw it directly into canals, rivers, and ponds. They (72)____collect_____ water from these sources to do their laundry, wash dishes, and bathe, and then they throw the dirty water that contain detergent and shampoo directly into them.
Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and
revision of water resource policy at all levels. It has been suggested that water
pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts
for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 580 people in India
die of water pollution related illness every day. About 90 percent of the water in the
cities of China is polluted. As of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe
drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing
countries, developed countries also continue to struggle with pollution problems. For
example, in the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 44
percent of assessed stream miles, 64 percent of assessed lake acres, and 30
percent of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.
The head of China’s national development agency said in 2007 that one quarter the
length of China’s seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the skin.
Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired by anthropogenic
contaminants and either does not support a human use, such as drinking water, or
undergoes a marked shift in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities,
such as fish. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and
earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of
water.
1. What is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases?
Water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases.
2. How many people die every day by water pollution?
More than 14,000 people die every day by water pollution.
3. How many percent of the water in the cities of China is polluted?
25% of the water in the cities of China is polluted.
5. What phenomena cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status
of water?
Volcanoes, algae blooms, storms, and earthquakes.
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: “In the water-fetching contest one person from each team had to go to the river to get the water.”.
Dịch: Trong cuộc thi lấy nước, một người từ mỗi đội phải đi ra sông lấy nước
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: “There were three competitions: water-fetching, fire-making and rice-cooking”.
Dịch: Có 3 cuộc thi: lấy nước, nhóm lửa và nấu cơm.
Read the passage and do the tasks that follow:
AMAZING NEW INVENTIONS
Every year, more and more amazing things are invented. Here are three of our favourites for this year.
A. Fukuda’s Automatic Door
Can you imagine a door that fits around your body as you walk through it? Fukuda’s Automatic Door was designed in Japan by an inventor named Rikiya Fukuda. It automatically indentifies movement and only opens just enough to match the shape of the person or object coming through. So, what are the advantages? It saves energy by helping to keep the same temperature in a room. It can also prevent dirt and other materials from being carried inside. As well as people, the Automatic Door works for small objects, like packages delivered to a post office, or for larger things, such as a car coming through a garage door.
=>c. It’s a device that knows when you are coming.
B. The Hand Roll Piano
Traveling musicians will be happy with this invention. The Hand Roll Piano was invented by the Japanese company Yamano Music. What makes it different is that it can be rolled up like a blanket. This makes it easier to carry and easier to store. The keyboard is 100 cm long but weighs just 1 kg. It has 61 very thin keys and is made of rubber. It’s convenient to carry, but it’s also a great instrument. The piano can be played for up to 15 hours on standard batteries. It has more than 100 sounds and its own speaker.
=> d. It makes entertaining easier.
C. The LifeStraw
Today, more than one billion people in the world do not have safe water. However, it’s been discovered that for the price of a cup of coffee, a life can be saved. The LifeStraw, which costs just $3, is a device for purifying water. It is able to turn dirty water into drinking water. The drinking straw was designed by the Swiss-based company Vestergaard Frandsen. It uses seven types of filter to make water clean enough to drink. It can prevent illnesses and it can also create safe drinking water for victims of hurricanes, earthquakes or other disasters.
=> a. It’s an invention that saves lives.
Give correct form of the words in brackets:
1. Factories dump........industrial........ waste into lakes and rivers . (industry)
2. The ......contamination........ of water can make people and other animals die . (contaminate)
3.Households dump waste into the river so it is ......polluted..........(pollute)
4.Since the parents were exposed to.......... radioactive... , their children have birth defects .(radioactive)
5. If we use water .....carefully........, more people will have fresh water.(care)
6. The........dying.......... fish are floating in the water . (die)
7. Do you know what......pollutants........ cause air pollution? (pollute)
8. The river is ...........contaminated..............by the dumping from nearby factories.(contaminate)
9. Noise pollution can also lead to headaches and high blood..............pressure............(press)
10. Dumping............industrial............waste into the lakes and rivers has cause serious water pollution.(industry)
One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is basic human right. But acid rain, industrial pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools of poison. Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the largest lakes in the world. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of industrial effluent which pours into the lake everyday. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them. Most industries simply ignore the regulations. The Mediterranean Sea occupies 1% of the world’s water surface. But it is the dumping ground for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles off shore.
Water is free to everyone. A few years ago people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been ruined by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious source. We should do something now.
1. According to the writer, one environmental problem in the world today is ________ .
A. acid rain B. industrial pollution.
C. safe water shortage. D. population explosion .
2. Many sources of water are not drinkable because of _______ .
A. acid rain. B. industrial pollution.
C. garbage D. all A, B, C, are correct
3. What is serious problem of Lake Baikal in Russia?
A. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants.
B. It is polluted by massive volumes of industrial wastes discharged into it .
C. It has 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world .
D. The government did not have the power to enforce laws and regulations.
4. How many countries throw industrial waste into the Mediterranean Sea regularly?
A. nearly 16 B. exactly 16.
C. exactly 15 D. less than 15.
5. What is the message to the reader?
A. We should take action to protect our water resources.
B. We should take all water resources into account.
C. We should limit the use of water resources.
D. We should encourage people to use safe water.
Chúc bạn học tốt 
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: Dựa vào câu: “They tried to rub pieces of wood together to make the fire.”.
Dịch: Họ cố cọ xát miếng gỗ vào nhau để tạo ra lửa.
I. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word
1. What is the correct pronunciation of this word (pronounce)
2. Last week we have an enjoyable summer holiday ( enjoy)
3. The importance of the project made me tense ( important)
4. You had better do some revision for the final exam ( revise)
5. Unfortunately, her illness was more serious than we thought ( fortunate)
II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word to complete th following passage
Rivers are one of the world's most important natural resources . Many cities are on the large rivers, and (1) almost every country has a least one river that (2) plays an important part in the lives of its people . Beside transportation, rivers (3) provide water for crops, water to drink , and re creation for people who live along their (4) banks And in (5) order to get water for crops , engineers sometimes build a dam (6)across a river and let water become a lake behind the dam . Then people can use their water not (7) Only irrigate fields but also to make eletricity for homes and industries. (8) However the water often becomes polluted when cities river bank grow (9) in size and the number of industries increases. We are learning that it is necessary to (10) keep rivers clean if we want to enjoy the benefits of the natural resources.
People have always needed ways to get fresh water for drinking and washing. They have also needed ways to get rid of waste water. That is why the first plumbing systems were built thousand years old. Crete is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1600 B.C., a great palace stood on the Crete. The palace had fresh water, toilets, baths, drains, and sewers. It may also have had a hot – water system. The Cretans used well – fitted clay pipes to bring fresh water to the palace rooms from faraway springs. Stone drains carried away rainwater from the roof and open courts into deep sewers. These sewers were so large that a person could walk inside them. The palace even had stone toilets. They were flushed by rainwater that flowed through the pipes or by water poured in.
The Queen of Crete had her own apartment in the palace with her own bathroom. Her clay bathtub looked much like bathtubs do today. It was painted inside with pictures of tall water grasses. The tub was filled with water brought from a nearby room. The bath water was then emptied into a drain in the floor near the tub. Nowadays, visitors can see the ancient plumbing system that was not equaled until modern time.
Translate into Vietnamese:
Con người luôn cần những cách để có nước sạch để uống và giặt. Họ cũng cần những cách để thoát khỏi nước thải. Đó là lý do tại sao hệ thống ống nước đầu tiên được xây dựng từ ngàn năm tuổi. Crete là một hòn đảo ở Địa Trung Hải. Vào năm 1600 TCN, một cung điện lớn nằm trên Crete. Cung điện có nước sạch, nhà vệ sinh, bồn tắm, cống rãnh và cống rãnh. Nó cũng có thể đã có một hệ thống nước nóng. Cretans sử dụng ống đất sét được trang bị tốt để mang nước ngọt đến các phòng cung điện từ những nguồn nước xa xôi. Các cống đá dẫn nước mưa ra khỏi mái nhà và mở các tòa nhà vào cống sâu. Những cái cống này to đến nỗi một người có thể đi vào bên trong họ. Cung điện thậm chí còn có nhà vệ sinh bằng đá. Họ bị nước mưa tràn ngập qua các đường ống hoặc nước đổ vào.
Nữ hoàng Crete có căn hộ riêng của mình trong cung điện với phòng tắm riêng của mình. Bồn tắm đất sét của cô trông giống như bồn tắm ngày nay. Nó được sơn bên trong với hình ảnh của cỏ nước cao. Bồn tắm đã được đổ đầy nước lấy từ một căn phòng gần đó. Nước tắm sau đó được đổ vào một cái cống trong sàn gần bồn. Ngày nay, du khách có thể nhìn thấy hệ thống ống nước cổ xưa mà không bằng cho đến thời hiện đại.
People have always needed ways to get fresh water for drinking and washing. They have also needed ways to get rid of waste water. That is why the first plumbing systems were built thousand years old. Crete is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. In 1600 B.C., a great palace stood on the Crete. The palace had fresh water, toilets, baths, drains, and sewers. It may also have had a hot – water system. The Cretans used well – fitted clay pipes to bring fresh water to the palace rooms from faraway springs. Stone drains carried away rainwater from the roof and open courts into deep sewers. These sewers were so large that a person could walk inside them. The palace even had stone toilets. They were flushed by rainwater that flowed through the pipes or by water poured in.
The Queen of Crete had her own apartment in the palace with her own bathroom. Her clay bathtub looked much like bathtubs do today. It was painted inside with pictures of tall water grasses. The tub was filled with water brought from a nearby room. The bath water was then emptied into a drain in the floor near the tub. Nowadays, visitors can see the ancient plumbing system that was not equaled until modern time.
Dịch
Con người luôn cần những cách để có nước sạch để uống và giặt. Họ cũng cần những cách để thoát khỏi nước thải. Đó là lý do tại sao hệ thống ống nước đầu tiên được xây dựng từ ngàn năm tuổi. Crete là một hòn đảo ở Địa Trung Hải. Vào năm 1600 TCN, một cung điện lớn nằm trên Crete. Cung điện có nước sạch, nhà vệ sinh, bồn tắm, cống rãnh và cống rãnh. Nó cũng có thể đã có một hệ thống nước nóng. Cretans sử dụng ống đất sét được trang bị tốt để mang nước ngọt đến các phòng cung điện từ những nguồn nước xa xôi. Các cống đá dẫn nước mưa ra khỏi mái nhà và mở các tòa nhà vào cống sâu. Những cái cống này to đến nỗi một người có thể đi vào bên trong họ. Cung điện thậm chí còn có nhà vệ sinh bằng đá. Họ bị nước mưa tràn ngập qua các đường ống hoặc nước đổ vào.
Nữ hoàng Crete có căn hộ riêng của mình trong cung điện với phòng tắm riêng của mình. Bồn tắm đất sét của cô trông giống như bồn tắm ngày nay. Nó được sơn bên trong với hình ảnh của cỏ nước cao. Bồn tắm đã được đổ đầy nước lấy từ một căn phòng gần đó. Nước tắm sau đó được đổ vào một cái cống trong sàn gần bồn. Ngày nay, du khách có thể nhìn thấy hệ thống ống nước cổ xưa mà không bằng cho đến thời hiện đại.