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a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}\)(1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
nên \(\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)
mà a+b+c=2
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{8+12+15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\)
Do đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{16}{35}\\b=\dfrac{24}{35}\\c=\dfrac{30}{35}=\dfrac{6}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{16}{35}\); \(b=\dfrac{24}{35}\); \(c=\dfrac{6}{7}\)
b) Ta có: 2a=3b=5c
nên \(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}\)
mà a+b-c=3
nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{19}{30}}=\dfrac{90}{19}\)
Do đó:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=\dfrac{90}{19}\\3b=\dfrac{90}{19}\\5c=\dfrac{90}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{45}{19}\\b=\dfrac{30}{19}\\c=\dfrac{18}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{45}{19}\); \(b=\dfrac{30}{19}\); \(c=\dfrac{18}{19}\)
1) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=k\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3k\\y=4k\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow xy=12k^2=192\Rightarrow k=\pm4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm12\\y=\pm16\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-12\\y=-16\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{-90}{9}=-10\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left(-10\right).2=-20\\y=\left(-10\right).3=-30\\z=\left(-10\right).5=-50\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{5}=\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2z}{10}=\dfrac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\dfrac{14}{7}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.3=6\\y=2.8=16\\z=2.5=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{5}=\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}=\frac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\frac{14}{7}=2\)
\(\frac{x}{3}=2\Rightarrow x=6\)
\(\frac{y}{8}=2\Rightarrow y=16\)
\(\frac{z}{5}=2\Rightarrow z=10\)
7) vì \(\dfrac{x}{5}\)=\(\dfrac{y}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{z}{7}\)và x-y+z=36
Nên theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}\)=\(\dfrac{y}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{z}{7}\)=\(\dfrac{x-y+z}{5-6+7}\)=\(\dfrac{36}{6}\)=6
\(\Rightarrow\)x=6.5=30
y=6.6=36
z=6.7=42
vậy x=30,y=36,z=42
1. Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y+3}{4}=\frac{z-5}{6}=\frac{3\left(x-1\right)}{6}=\frac{4\left(y+3\right)}{16}=\frac{5\left(z-5\right)}{30}\)
\(=\frac{3x-3}{6}=\frac{4y+12}{16}=\frac{5z-25}{30}=\frac{5z-25-3x+3-4y-12}{30-6-16}\)
\(=\frac{\left(5z-3x-4y\right)-34}{8}=\frac{50-34}{8}=\frac{16}{8}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x-1}{2}=2\)\(\Rightarrow x-1=4\)\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
\(\frac{y+3}{4}=2\)\(\Rightarrow y+3=8\)\(\Rightarrow y=5\)
\(\frac{z-5}{6}=2\)\(\Rightarrow z-5=12\)\(\Rightarrow z=17\)
Vậy \(x=5\); \(y=5\)và \(z=17\)
2. Từ \(2a=3b\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}.\frac{1}{7}=\frac{b}{2}.\frac{1}{7}=\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}\)(1)
Từ \(5b=7c\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{7}=\frac{c}{5}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{7}.\frac{1}{2}=\frac{c}{5}.\frac{1}{2}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{10}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{10}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{21}=\frac{b}{14}=\frac{c}{10}=\frac{3a}{63}=\frac{7b}{98}=\frac{5c}{50}\)
\(=\frac{3a-7b+5c}{63-98+50}=\frac{30}{15}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow a=21.2=42\); \(b=14.2=28\); \(z=10.2=20\)
Vậy \(a=42\); \(b=28\); \(z=20\)
và 
; b) 
và 
và 
d) 
và 5x + y – 2z = 28; b) 
; 
và 2x + 3y – z = 186;
và x + y + z = 49;
và 2x + 3y – z = 50;
và xyz = 810; b) 
và x2 + y2 + z2 = 14.
;
; c) 
a,Áp sụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{3x-2z}{9-14}=\dfrac{15}{-5}=-3\\\Rightarrow x=-3.3=-9\\ \Rightarrow y=-3.5=-15\\ \Rightarrow z=-3.7=-21 \)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2z}{14}=\dfrac{3x-2z}{9-14}=\dfrac{15}{-5}=-3\) (Vì 3x-2z=15)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}=-3\\\dfrac{y}{5}=-3\\\dfrac{z}{7}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-9\\y=-15\\z=-21\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{2}=\dfrac{2x}{10}=\dfrac{3y}{9}=\dfrac{2x-3y}{10-9}=\dfrac{100}{1}=100\) (Vì 2x-3y=100)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{5}=100\\\dfrac{y}{3}=100\\\dfrac{z}{2}=100\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=500\\y=300\\z=200\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
c) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{-5}=\dfrac{z}{-4}=\dfrac{3z}{-12}=\dfrac{2x}{-6}=\dfrac{3z-2x}{\left(-12\right)-\left(-6\right)}=\dfrac{36}{-18}=-2\) (Vì 3z-2x=36)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{-3}=-2\\\dfrac{y}{-5}=-2\\\dfrac{z}{-4}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=10\\z=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
a) \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6};\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)và \(x+y-z=69\)
Theo đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}\times\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{y}{6}\times\dfrac{1}{8}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{40}=\dfrac{y}{48}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{8}\times\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{z}{7}\times\dfrac{1}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{48}=\dfrac{z}{42}\)(2)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{40}=\dfrac{y}{48}=\dfrac{z}{42}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{40+48-42}=\dfrac{69}{46}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{40}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{40\times3}{2}=60\\\dfrac{y}{48}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{48\times3}{2}=72\\\dfrac{z}{42}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{42\times3}{2}=63\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=60\\y=72\\z=63\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}\)(Nhân 2 vế với \(\dfrac{1}{4}\))
\(\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{x}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)(Nhân 2 vế với \(\dfrac{1}{3}\))
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)và x+y-z=6
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau. Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{20+24-21}=\dfrac{69}{23}=3\)
Vì \(\dfrac{x}{20}=3\Rightarrow x=20.3=60\)
\(\dfrac{y}{24}=3\Rightarrow y=24.3=72\)
\(\dfrac{z}{21}=3\Rightarrow z=3.21=63\)
Vậy x=60; y=72; z=63
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6};\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{7}\) va \(x+y-z=69\)
Ta co: \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}\) ; \(\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}\)
➤ \(\dfrac{x}{20}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{z}{21}\) ➤ \(\dfrac{x+y-z}{20+24-21}\)
➤ \(\dfrac{69}{23}=3\) ➤ \(x=20.3=60\)
\(y=24.3=72\)
\(z=21.3=63\)
\(Vay\) \(x=60;y=72;z=63\)
\(2a=3b;5b=7c\) va \(3a+5c-7c=30\)
Ta co: \(2a=3b\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}\)
\(5b=7c\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{7}=\dfrac{c}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}\) ⇒ \(\dfrac{3a}{63}=\dfrac{5c}{50}=\dfrac{7b}{98}\) ⇒ \(\dfrac{3a+5c-7b}{63+50-98}\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{30}{15}=2\) ➤ \(3a=63.2=126\) ➤ \(a=126:3=42\)
\(5c=50.2=100\) \(c=100:5=20\)
\(7b=98.2=196\) \(b=196:7=28\)
Vay \(a=42;c=20;b=28\)
\(x\div y\div z=3\div8\div5\) va \(3x+y-2z=14\)
Ta co: \(x\div y\div z=3\div8\div5\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{z}{5}\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{8}=\dfrac{2z}{10}\) ⇒ \(\dfrac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{14}{7}=2\) ➤ \(3x=9.2=18\) ➤ \(x=18:3=6\)
\(y=8.2\) \(y=16\)
\(2z=10.2=20\) \(z=20:2=10\)
Vay \(x=6;y=16;z=10\)
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