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a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
Gọi: Vhh axit = a (l)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}+n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow0,2=\dfrac{1}{2}.1,5a+0,5a\)
⇒ a = 0,16 (l) = 160 (ml)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4.8}{24}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2H^+\rightarrow Mg^{2+}+H_2\)
\(0.2.......0.4....................0.2\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{0.4}{1.5+0.5\cdot2}=0.16\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH:
Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (1)
MgO + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2O (2)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{MgO}=4,4-2,4=2\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{hh}=0,05+0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1,2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{hh}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}=0,75\left(lít\right)\)
PT: \(Ba+2H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}+n_{NaOH}\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,06\)
⇒ nHCl = 0,06.2 = 0,12 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,12}{1}=0,12\left(l\right)=120\left(ml\right)\)
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PT:
Ta có:
Theo PT:
⇒ nHCl = 0,06.2 = 0,12 (mol)
Ý bn là cái này á
a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a_____3a_______a______\(\dfrac{3}{2}a\) (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_______b______b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,8\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2\cdot27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=2,4\left(g\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,8______0,8
Ta có: \(\left[OH^-\right]=C_{M_{NaOH}}+2C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=2,2\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{OH^-}=\dfrac{0,8}{2,2}\approx0,36\left(l\right)\)
$n_{HCl} = 0,8.0,5 = 0,4(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,6(mol) ;n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{H(trong\ axit)} = 0,4 + 0,6.2 = 1,6(mol)$
Bảo toàn H : $n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{n_{H(trong\ axit)} - 2n_{H_2} }{2} = 0,6(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
$m = 88,7 + 0,6.18 + 0,2.2 - 0,4.36,5 - 0,6.98 = 26,5(gam)$
Gọi x là số mol HCl và y là số mol H2SO4
a/ Ta có : \(n_{Mg}=\frac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
(mol) x/2 x x/2
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
(mol) y y y
Ta có : \(m_{Mg}=24\left(\frac{x}{2}+y\right)=4,8\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}+y=0,2\Rightarrow x+2y=0,4\)
Mà : \(V_{hh}=V_{HCl}+V_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{x}{1}+\frac{y}{0,5}=x+2y\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{hh}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
b/ Ta có \(n_{H_2}=\frac{x}{2}+y=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2\times22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)