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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng engel ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c(đpcm) \)
theo bđt cauchy ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a^2}{b}+b\ge2a\\\dfrac{b^2}{c}+c\ge2b\\\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a\ge2c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+a+b+c\ge2a+2b+2c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta chứng minh bđt phụ \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\forall x,y,z>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2-2yz+z^2+z^2-2zx+x^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si vào các số a,b,c dương :
\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^3}{b}\cdot ab}=2\sqrt{a^4}=2a^2\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b^3}{c}+bc\ge2b^2;\dfrac{c^3}{a}+ca\ge2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}+ab+bc+ca\ge2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\) (do áp dụng (1)) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
3: =>a^3+b^3+c^3>=3abc
=>(a+b)^3+c^3-3ab(a+b)-3abc>=0
=>(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)>=0
=>a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac>=0
=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac>=0
=>(a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2>=0(luôn đúng)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\sum\left[\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{c^2+ab}-2\right]\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{a^2+b^2-2c^2}{c^2+ab}\ge0\)(*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^2-c^2}{c^2+ab}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(c^2-a^2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}-\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(c-a\right)^2.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)}{\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(c^2+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{b^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\)\(=\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\) (theo AM-GM với a ; b>0)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4.3.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2.\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)(do \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\))
\(=4.1,5\) = 6 ( do a;b;c>0)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{c+a}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c+a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
Đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=x\\b+c=y\\c+a=z\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó bất đẳng thức trở thành:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) (đúng theo AM-GM)
Vậy bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c>0\)
Chắc là \(a;b>0\), vì \(a.b>0\) thì ví dụ \(a=-1;b=-2\) BĐT sai
BĐT tương đương:
\(\dfrac{3a+4b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{48}{3a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a+4b\right)^2\ge48ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-4b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
không phải a.b=0 đâu bạn mà là a;b>0