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a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{4}-\dfrac{y^2}{4}+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\forall x;y\\\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0,\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0,\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(...=x^2-2x+1+4\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+z^2-6z+9+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y^{ }+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0,\forall x.y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Câu hỏi của KiKyo - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Em tham khảo nhé!
\(x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+14=0\\\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+8y+4)+(z^2-6z+9)=0\\\Leftrightarrow (x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2)+[(2y)^2+2\cdot2y\cdot 2+2^2]+(z^2-2\cdot z\cdot3+3^2)=0\\\Leftrightarrow (x-1)^2+(2y+2)^2+(z-3)^2=0\)
Ta thấy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(2y+2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\forall z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
Mặt khác: \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
nên ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\2y+2=0\\z-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\\z=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: ...
\(x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+14=0\)
\(\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2+8y+4\right)+\left(z^2-6z+9\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2=0\) (1)
Do \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(2y+2\right)^2\ge0;\left(z-3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\) \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0;\left(2y+2\right)^2=0;\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
*) \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(x-1=0\)
\(x=1\)
*) \(\left(2y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(2y+2=0\)
\(2y=-2\)
\(y=-1\)
*) \(\left(z-3\right)^2=0\)
\(z-3=0\)
\(z=3\)
Vậy x = 1; y = -1; z = 3
a: \(x^2+x+1=x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>=\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)
b: \(4y^2+2y+1\)
\(=4\left(y^2+\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=4\left(y^2+2\cdot y\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{3}{16}\right)\)
\(=4\left(y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>=\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall y\)
c: \(-2x^2+6x-10\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-3x+5\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{11}{2}< =-\dfrac{11}{2}< 0\forall x\)
`#3107.101107`
a)
`x^2 + x + 1`
`= (x^2 + 2*x*1/2 + 1/4) + 3/4`
`= (x + 1/2)^2 + 3/4`
Vì `(x + 1/2)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`
`=> (x + 1/2)^2 + 3/4 \ge 3/4` `AA` `x`
Vậy, `x^2 + x + 1 > 0` `AA` `x`
b)
`4y^2 + 2y + 1`
`= [(2y)^2 + 2*2y*1/2 + 1/4] + 3/4`
`= (2y + 1/2)^2 + 3/4`
Vì `(2y + 1/2)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `y`
`=> (2y + 1/2)^2 + 3/4 \ge 3/4` `AA` `y`
Vậy, `4y^2 + 2y + 1 > 0` `AA` `y`
c)
`-2x^2 + 6x - 10`
`= -(2x^2 - 6x + 10)`
`= -2(x^2 - 3x + 5)`
`= -2[ (x^2 - 2*x*3/2 + 9/4) + 11/4]`
`= -2[ (x - 3/2)^2 + 11/4]`
`= -2(x - 3/2)^2 - 11/2`
Vì `-2(x - 3/2)^2 \le 0` `AA` `x`
`=> -2(x - 3/2)^2 - 11/2 \le 11/2` `AA` `x`
Vậy, `-2x^2 + 6x - 10 < 0` `AA `x.`
tại x = 18; y = 4
\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11
e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
\(x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+15\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2+8y+4\right)+\left(z^2-6z+9\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0\forall x;y\)
\(x^2+5y^2+2x-4xy-10y+14\)
\(=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x-4y\right)+1+y^2-6y+9+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2\left(x-2y\right)+1+\left(y-3\right)^2+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+4>0\forall x;y\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.