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\(\frac{a}{b}>\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a\times d}{b\times d}>\frac{c\times b}{d\times b}\) (quy đồng mẫu số) Vì do mẫu giống nhau nên tử lớn hơn sẽ lớn hơn \(\Rightarrow a\times d>c\times b\)
a) \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\) (quy đồng mẫu chung)
Vì b,d > 0 nên bd > 0. Do đó ad < bc (đpcm)
b) ad < bc \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\) (cùng chia cho bd)
Vì b,d > 0 nên bd > 0. Do đó \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\) (rút gọn tử và mẫu)
a, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{cb}{db}\Rightarrow ad< cb\)
b, Ta có: \(ad< bc\Rightarrow\frac{ad}{bd}< \frac{bc}{bd}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+d+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+b+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 1\) (1)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{b+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{c+a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{a+c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{2a+2b+2c+2d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\) (2)
Từ (1)(2) => \(1< \frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\) (đpcm)
Ta có :
\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)\(\Rightarrow A>1\)( 1 )
Lại có :
\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 2\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\)A không phải là số tự nhiên ( vì 1 < A < 2 )
Ta thấy:
\(\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}>\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{a+b+c+d} \)
\(\frac{c+b}{a+b+c+d}>\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}>\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b+a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}>A\)
VÀ \(A>\)\(\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow2>A>1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)A không là số tự nhiên với a,b,c,d > 0
Vậy A không là số tự nhiên với a,b,c,d > 0
Ta có : \(b>0,d>0,\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad< bc\) ( 1 )
\(\Rightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(d+b\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
Vì \(b>0,d>0,\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}=ad< bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\) ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)