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vì x+y+z=1nên
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\)\(\frac{x+y+z}{x}+\frac{x+y+z}{y}+\frac{x+y+z}{z}\)\(=3+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\)=\(3+\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{yz}+\frac{x^2+z^2}{xz}\)
nen \(\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\) =\(\left(\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{4xy}\right)+\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{4yz}\right)+\left(\frac{xz}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{x^2+z^2}{xz}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2.1}{2}+\frac{2.1}{2}+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{15}{4}\)(dpcm)
dau = xay ra khi x=y=z=1/3
Ta có \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=4\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\x+y+z=-2\end{cases}}\)
+ \(x+y+z=2\)
Thay vào Pt (1)
=> \(xy+z\left(2-z\right)=1\)
=> \(xy=\left(z-1\right)^2\)=> \(x,y,z\ge0\)( do \(x+y+z=2>0\))
Mà \(xy\le\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{2-z}{2}\right)^2\)
=> \(z-1\le\frac{2-z}{2}\)=> \(z\le\frac{4}{3}\)
Hoàn toàn TT => \(x,y,z\le\frac{4}{3}\)
+ \(x+y+z=-2\)
=> \(xy+z\left(-2-z\right)=1\)
=> \(xy=\left(z+1\right)^2\)=> \(x,y,z\le0\)( do \(x+y+z=-2< 0\))
Mà \(xy\le\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{-2-z}{2}\right)^2\)
=> \(\left(z+1\right)^2\le\left(\frac{z+2}{2}\right)^2\)
=> \(z+1\ge\frac{-z-2}{2}\)=> \(z\ge-\frac{4}{3}\)
TT => \(x,y,z\ge-\frac{4}{3}\)
Vậy \(-\frac{4}{3}\le x,y,z\le\frac{4}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT=\frac{2x^2+y^2+z^2}{4-yz}+\frac{2y^2+z^2+x^2}{4-xz}+\frac{2z^2+x^2+y^2}{4-xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4x\sqrt{yz}}{4-yz}+\frac{4y\sqrt{xz}}{4-xz}+\frac{4z\sqrt{xy}}{4-xy}\)
Cần chứng minh \(\frac{4x\sqrt{yz}}{4-yz}+\frac{4y\sqrt{xz}}{4-xz}+\frac{4z\sqrt{xy}}{4-xy}\ge4xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{yz\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{xz}}{xz\left(4-xz\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{xy\left(4-xy\right)}\ge1\)
Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(1+1+1\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{xy};\sqrt{yz};\sqrt{xz}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a,b,c>0\\a+b+c\le3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{a^2\left(4-a^2\right)}+\frac{b}{b^2\left(4-b^2\right)}+\frac{c}{c\left(4-c^2\right)}\ge1\left(\odot\right)\)
Ta có BĐT phụ: \(\dfrac{a}{a^2\left(4-a^2\right)}\le-\dfrac{1}{9}a+\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2-2a-9\right)}{9a\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}\le0\forall0< a\le1\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế
\(VT_{\left(\odot\right)}\ge\dfrac{-\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}+\dfrac{4}{9}\cdot3\ge\dfrac{-3}{9}+\dfrac{12}{9}=1=VP_{\left(\odot\right)}\)
Dấu "=" <=> x=y=z=1
cái này làm r` mà ngại lật lại làm lại vậy ==
Đặt \(THANG=\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^4+xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^4+xy}\) :D
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(x^4+yz\ge2\sqrt{x^4yz}=2x^2\sqrt{yz}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}\le\frac{x^2}{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}\)
CỘng theo vế rồi thu gọn, nhóm,..... ta có:
\(THANG\le\frac{x^2}{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{2y^2\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{2z^2\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xz}}\). Theo AM-GM có:
\(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\le a+b+c\). Vậy
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xy}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xz}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Tức là \(THANG\le\frac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(P=\frac{3\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)}{4\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{4\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{4}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=a\) thì cần chứng minh
\(\frac{a}{4}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2\left(a+1\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Ta chứng minh \(\frac{x^4+y^4}{x^2+y^2}\ge\frac{\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2}}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+xz+yz=3\)
chứng minh kiểu j vậy bạn ? , Chỉ mình rõ hơn được không ?