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1/ ĐKXĐ: $4x^2-4x-11\geq 0$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=2(4x^2-4x-11)-6$
$\Leftrightarrow a=2a^2-6$ (đặt $\sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=a, a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2-a-6=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-2)(2a+3)=0$
Vì $a\geq 0$ nên $a=2$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x-11=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x-15=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (2x-5)(2x+3)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}$ hoặc $x=\frac{-3}{2}$ (tm)
2/ ĐKXĐ: $x\in\mathbb{R}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{3x^2+9x+8}=\frac{1}{3}(3x^2+9x+8)-\frac{14}{3}$
$\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{3}a^2-\frac{14}{3}$ (đặt $\sqrt{3x^2+9x+8}=a, a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a-14=0$
$\Rightarrow a=\frac{3+\sqrt{65}}{2}$ (do $a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow 3x^2+9x+8=\frac{37+3\sqrt{65}}{2}$
$\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}(-3\pm \sqrt{23+2\sqrt{65}})$
a, ĐK: \(x\le-1,x\ge3\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\)
b, ĐK: \(-2\le x\le2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=10-3x-4\sqrt{4-x^2}\)
Khi đó phương trình tương đương:
\(3t-t^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=0\\\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=8-4x\\2+x=17-4x+12\sqrt{2-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\left(tm\right)\\5x-15=12\sqrt{2-x}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow5x-15< 0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) vô nghiệm
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{\dfrac{4x+9}{28}}=y+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\).
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}14y^2+14y=2x+1\\14x^2+14x=2y+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow14\left(x^2-y^2\right)+16\left(x-y\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x+y=\dfrac{-8}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\).
Đến đây thế vào là được.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(x-1+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{x-1}}=5\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=t\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2+\sqrt{t+5}=5\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{t+5}=u>0\Rightarrow u^2-t=5\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2+u=u^2-t\Leftrightarrow t^2-u^2+t+u=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t+u\right)\left(t-u+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t-u+1=0\) (do \(t>0;u>0\Rightarrow t+u>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow t+1=\sqrt{t+5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t+1=t+5\Leftrightarrow t^2+t-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=t^2+1=\dfrac{11-\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le4\) ;\(x\ne2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{4-x}\right)}{x-2}=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{4x-x^2}=2x^2-7x+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(4x-x^2\right)+\sqrt{4x-x^2}-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x-x^2}=-2\left(loại\right)\\\sqrt{4x-x^2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-x^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4+\sqrt{7}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4-\sqrt{7}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow abc\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=y\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2+12xy=27y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3y\right)\left(2x+9y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3y=2x\\9y=-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x+1}=2x\left(x\ge0\right)\\9\sqrt{x+1}=-2x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9\left(x+1\right)=4x^2\left(x\ge0\right)\\81\left(x+1\right)=4x^2\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{81-9\sqrt{97}}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-\left(2x-\sqrt{4x-1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2-\frac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{2x+\sqrt{4x-1}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(1-\frac{1}{2x+\sqrt{4x-1}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\2x+\sqrt{4x-1}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x-1}=1-2x\) (\(x\le\frac{1}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-1=\left(1-2x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-1=4x^2-4x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+1=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{2}\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
Đặt \(3x^2-2x+2=a>0\) ta được:
\(\sqrt{a+7}+\sqrt{a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+7+2\sqrt{a^2+7a}=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^2+7a}=21-a\) (\(a\le21\))
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+7a=\left(21-a\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+7a=a^2-42a+441\)
\(\Rightarrow a=9\Rightarrow3x^2-2x+2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-2x-7=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1\pm\sqrt{22}}{3}\)
ĐKXĐ: ...
\(3x\left(3x-\sqrt{8x^2+x+5}\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x^2-x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x\left(x^2-x-5\right)}{3x+\sqrt{8x^2+x+5}}-\frac{2\left(x^2-x-5\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x-5}+2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x-5\right)\left(\frac{3x}{3x+\sqrt{8x^2+x+5}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{x^2-x-5}+2}\right)=0\)
May mắn là người ta chỉ bắt tìm 1 nghiệm nên cái ngoặc kia ta khỏi quan tâm, nếu không thì cách liên hợp này không ổn đâu
\(x^2-x-5=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1+\sqrt{21}}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow a=1;b=21;c=2\)
Nguyễn Việt Lâm rep ib mk vss