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Đặt \(u_n=v_n+1\Rightarrow v_{n+1}+1=\dfrac{2017+v_n+1}{2019-\left(v_n+1\right)}=\dfrac{2018+v_n}{2018-v_n}\)
\(\Rightarrow v_{n+1}=\dfrac{2018+v_n}{2018-v_n}-1=\dfrac{2v_n}{2018-v_n}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{v_{n+1}}=1009\dfrac{1}{v_n}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{v_n}=x_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{1}{v_1}=\dfrac{1}{u_1-1}=1\\x_{n+1}=1009x_n-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x_{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{2016}=1009\left(x_n-\dfrac{1}{2016}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x_n-\dfrac{1}{2016}\) là CSN với công bội 1009 \(\Rightarrow x_n-\dfrac{1}{2016}=\dfrac{2015}{2016}.1009^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow x_n=\dfrac{2015}{2016}1009^{n-1}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=v_n+1=\dfrac{1}{x_n}+1=\dfrac{2016}{2015.1009^{n-1}+1}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\left(u_n\right)=1\)
Có thể đặt \(u_n=v_n+2017\) nữa bác nhỉ, bác có công thức tổng quát tìm t không ạ: \(u_n=v_n+t\).
\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{n+4}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}+\dfrac{2}{n+2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_{n+1}-\dfrac{3}{n+1+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}\right)\)
Đặt \(u_n-\dfrac{3}{n+1}=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{3}{2}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{n-1}+\dfrac{3}{n+1}\)
\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}u_n+\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow u_{n+1}-2=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(u_n-2\right)\)
Đặt \(u_n-2=v_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1-2=1\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{2}{3}v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n\) là CSN với công bội \(q=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow v_n=1.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=v_n+2=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{n-1}+2\)
\(u_2=\sqrt{2}\left(2+3\right)-3=5\sqrt{2}-3\)
\(u_3=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}.5\sqrt{2}-3=5\sqrt{3}-3\)
\(u_4=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3}}.5\sqrt{3}-3=5\sqrt{4}-3\)
....
\(\Rightarrow u_n=5\sqrt{n}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\dfrac{u_n}{\sqrt{n}}=\lim\limits\dfrac{5\sqrt{n}-3}{\sqrt{n}}=5\)
1:
a: \(u_2=2\cdot1+3=5;u_3=2\cdot5+3=13;u_4=2\cdot13+3=29;\)
\(u_5=2\cdot29+3=61\)
b: \(u_2=u_1+2^2\)
\(u_3=u_2+2^3\)
\(u_4=u_3+2^4\)
\(u_5=u_4+2^5\)
Do đó: \(u_n=u_{n-1}+2^n\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{u_n}{n+1}=v_n\)
\(GT\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{u_1}{1+1}=1\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{1}{4}v_n,\forall n\in N\text{*}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=\dfrac{1}{4}^{n-1},\forall n\in N\text{*}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=\left(n+1\right).\dfrac{1}{4}^{n-1},\forall n\in N\text{*}\)
\(u_{n+1}=\sqrt{1+u_n^2}\left(1\right)\)
\(u_1=3=\sqrt{9}\)
\(u_2=\sqrt{1+u_1^2}=\sqrt{10}\)
\(u_3=\sqrt{1+u_2^2}=\sqrt{11}\)
...
Dự đoán công thức:\(u_n=\sqrt{n+8}\),\(n\ge1\) (*)
Thật vậy
+)\(n=1,(*)\)\(\Leftrightarrow u_1=3\) (lđ)
+)Giả sử (*) đúng với mọi \(n=k,k>1\)
\((*)\Leftrightarrow u_k=\sqrt{k+8}\)
+)\(n=k+1,\) thay vào (1) có: \(u_{k+2}=\sqrt{1+u^2_{k+1}}=\sqrt{1+\left(\sqrt{1+u_k^2}\right)^2}=\sqrt{2+u^2_k}=\sqrt{2+k+8}=\sqrt{10+k}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)(*) đúng với n=k+1
Vậy CTSHTQ: \(u_n=\sqrt{n+8}\), \(n\ge1\)