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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=b\cdot k;c=d\cdot k\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+b}{bk-2b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+1\right)}{b\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
\(\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}=\dfrac{2dk+d}{dk-2d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+1\right)}{d\left(k-2\right)}=\dfrac{2k+1}{k-2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+b}{a-2b}=\dfrac{2c+d}{c-2d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{bk-b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b\cdot\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{dk-d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k-1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk+3b}{5dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k+3\right)}{d\left(5k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}=\dfrac{5\cdot bk-3b}{5\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(5k-3\right)}{d\left(5k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\dfrac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}.\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được:
\(\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}\) (1)
\(\frac{5a}{5c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{5a+3b}{5c+3d}=\frac{5a-3b}{5c-3d}\left(đpcm\right).\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
- \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
=>ad+ab<bc+ab
=>a(b+d)>b(a+c)
=>\(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}\) (1)
- \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow ad< bc\)
=>ad+cd<bc+cd
=>d(a+c)<c(b+d)
=>\(\frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+c}{b+d}< \frac{c}{d}\)(đpcm)
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\(\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{-8}{24}>\frac{-9}{24}>\frac{-10}{24}>\frac{-11}{24}>\frac{-12}{24}=\frac{-1}{2}\)
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\(\frac{-1}{5}< \frac{-1}{4}< \frac{-1}{3}< \frac{-1}{2}< -1< 0< \frac{1}{5}\)
\(\frac{-1}{2}=\frac{\left(-1\right).12}{2.12}=\frac{-12}{24}\)
\(\frac{-1}{3}=\frac{\left(-1\right).8}{3.8}=\frac{-8}{24}\)
\(\frac{-8}{24}< x< \frac{-12}{24}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{\frac{-9}{24};\frac{-10}{24};\frac{-11}{24}\right\}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
=>[(a+d)+(b+c)].[(a+d)-(b+c)]=[(a-d)-(b-c)].[(a-d)+(b-c)]
=>(a+d)2 - (b+c)2 = (a-d)2 - (b-c)2 = 2ad - 2bc = - 2ad + 2bc => 4ad = 4bc => ad=bc (dpcm)
\(a+b=c+d\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=\left(c+d\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=c^3+d^3+3cd\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a+b\right)=cd\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab=cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{d}{b}=t\Leftrightarrow a=ct,d=bt\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a^3+b^3\right)=a^5+b^5+2ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)+a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\left(c+d\right)^2\left(c^3+d^3\right)=c^5+d^5+2cd\left(c^3+d^3\right)+c^2d^2\left(c+d\right)\)
mà \(a+b=c+d,a^3+b^3=c^3+d^3,ab=cd\)
suy ra \(a^5+b^5=c^5+d^5\).