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\(A_n=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\)
\(< \dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_1+A_2+...+A_n< 1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}< 1\)
a) Đặt \(d=\left(a_1,a_2,...,a_n\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a_1=dx_1\\a_2=dx_2\\...\\a_n=dx_n\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\left(x_1,x_2,...,x_n\right)=1\)).
Ta có \(A_i=\dfrac{A}{a_i}=\dfrac{d^nx_1x_2...x_n}{dx_i}=d^{n-1}\dfrac{x_1x_2...x_n}{x_i}=d^{n-1}B_i\forall i\in\overline{1,n}\).
Từ đó \(\left[A_1,A_2,...,A_n\right]=d^{n-1}\left[B_1,B_2,...,B_n\right]\).
Mặt khác do \(\left(x_1,x_2,...,x_n\right)=1\Rightarrow\left[B_1,B_2,...B_n\right]=x_1x_2...x_n\).
Vậy \(\left(a_1,a_2,...,a_n\right)\left[A_1,A_2,...,A_n\right]=d.d^{n-1}x_1x_2...x_n=d^nx_1x_2...x_n=A\).
\(a_n=\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(n+1-n\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{n+n+1}\)
\(< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(a_1+a_2+a_3+...+a_{2009}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}< \frac{2008}{2010}\)
1. Ta có: \(x+y+z=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz=xy+yz+zx+2y\sqrt{xz}+2z\sqrt{xy}+2x\sqrt{yz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx-2y\sqrt{xz}-2z\sqrt{xy}-2x\sqrt{yz}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{yz}\right)^2+\left(y-\sqrt{xz}\right)^2+\left(z-\sqrt{xy}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{yz}\\y=\sqrt{xz}\\z=\sqrt{xy}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=y=z\)
Bài 1:
\(x+y+z=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z-\sqrt{xy}-\sqrt{yz}-\sqrt{xz}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x+2y+2z-2\sqrt{xy}-2\sqrt{yz}-2\sqrt{xz}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+y-2\sqrt{xy})+(y+z-2\sqrt{yz})+(z+x-2\sqrt{xz})=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2+(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z})^2+(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x})^2=0\)
Vì \( (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2;(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z})^2;(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x})^2\geq 0, \forall x,y,z>0\) nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:
\( (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2=(\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z})^2=(\sqrt{z}-\sqrt{x})^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\) (đpcm)
