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Áp dụng bđt AM-GM :
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{a^2+1}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2+1}{\left(a^2+1\right)\cdot4}}=1\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b^2+1}{4}\ge1\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c^2+1}{4}\ge1\)
Cộng từng vế ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+3}{4}\ge3\)
Áp dụng bđt quen thuộc : \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac=3\)
Khi đó : \(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{1}{c^2+1}\ge3-\frac{3+3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
bạn làm sai rồi . Khi \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\) bạn chuyển vế thì nó không cùng dấu với bất đẳng thức
\(\frac{a^3}{b^2+3}=\frac{a^3}{b^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3}{b^2+3}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
Theo Cô-si:\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{b+c}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}a\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{4}\)
dự đoán của mouri kogoro
a=b=c=1
\(\frac{1}{a^2+1}+\frac{\left(a^2+1\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+1\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)4}}=1.\)
\(\frac{1}{b^2+1}+\frac{\left(B^2+1\right)}{4}\ge1\)
\(\frac{1}{c^2+1}+\frac{\left(c^2+1\right)}{4}\ge1\)
\(VT+\frac{1}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}\ge3\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\left(cosi\right)\)
\(VT+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\ge3\)
\(VT\ge3-\frac{6}{4}=\frac{12-6}{4}=\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{2\sqrt{ab^2}}=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+1\right)\)
Tương tự có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b}{c^3+ca}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+1\right)\\\frac{c}{a^3+ca}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+1\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng 3 vế BĐT ta được: \(\frac{a}{b^3+ab}+\frac{b}{c^3+bc}+\frac{c}{a^3+ca}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\)
Bài toán quy về chứng minh \(\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+a\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{c}+c\right)\ge3+a+b+c=6\)
BĐT cuối hiển nhiên đúng vì theo BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+a\ge2\\\frac{1}{b}+b\ge2\\\frac{1}{c}+c\ge2\end{cases}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
\(\frac{a}{b^3+ab}+\frac{b}{c^3+bc}+\frac{c}{a^3+ac}\)
\(=\frac{a}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\frac{b}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\frac{c}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{b^2+a}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c}{c^2+b}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{a}{a^2+c}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{2b\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c}{2c\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{a}{2a\sqrt{c}}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{b}}+1\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}+1\right)\)\(-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{4}.\frac{9}{a+b+c}+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}-1\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}-1\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1.
Ad bđt : \(xy+yz+zx\le x^2+y^2+z^2\) (Cái bđt này c/m dễ : Nhân 2 vế với 2 -> chuyển vế -> tổng bình phương > 0 luôn đúng)
Kết hợp với bđt Cô-si cho 2 số dương ta đc
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+ab\right)+\left(\frac{b^3}{c}+bc\right)+\left(\frac{c^3}{a}+ac\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^3}{b}.ab}+2\sqrt{\frac{b^3}{c}.bc}+2\sqrt{\frac{c^3}{a}.ac}-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si cho 2 số dương
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(b^2+c^2\ge2bc\)
\(c^2+a^2\ge2ac\)
\(a^2+1\ge2a\)
\(b^2+1\ge2b\)
\(c^2+1\ge2c\)
Cộng từng vế của 6 bđt trên lại ta đc
\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+1\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca+a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+1\right)\ge2.6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+1\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\a+b+c+ab+bc+ca=6\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\a+a+a+aa+aa+aa=6\end{cases}}\)(thay hết b , c thành a)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\3a^2+3a=6\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\a^2+a-2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c\\\left(a-1\right)\left(a+2\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)hoặc \(a=b=c=-2\)
Mà a,b,c là các số dương nên a = b = c = 1
Vậy ............
Bài làm :
\(VT=\frac{a}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\frac{b}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\frac{c}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}\cdot\frac{a}{b^2+a}+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{c^2+b}+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\frac{c}{a^2+c}\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}\cdot\left(1-\frac{b^2}{b^2+a}\right)+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\left(1-\frac{c^2}{c^2+b}\right)+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\left(1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+c}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{b}\cdot\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b\sqrt{a}}\right)+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\left(1-\frac{c^2}{2c\sqrt{b}}\right)+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\left(1-\frac{a^2}{2a\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}\cdot\left(1-\frac{b}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)+\frac{1}{c}\cdot\left(1-\frac{c}{2\sqrt{b}}\right)+\frac{1}{a}\cdot\left(1-\frac{a}{2\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
Lại áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\le\frac{\frac{1}{a}+1}{2};\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\le\frac{\frac{1}{b}+1}{2};\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\le\frac{\frac{1}{c}+1}{2}\)
Do đó :
\(VT\ge\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+3}{2}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\cdot\frac{9}{a+b+c}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
giúp vs
Lê Thị Thục HiềnTrần Thanh PhươngVũ Minh Tuấn