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Bài này trong đề nào đó mới đây:
Đặt \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=x;\dfrac{b+c}{b-c}=y;\dfrac{c+a}{c-a}=z\).
Ta có: \(2P=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=3+x^2+y^2+z^2=3+\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\),
Mặt khác dễ dàng chứng minh được: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=-1\).
Từ đó \(2P=\left(x+y+z\right)^2+5\ge5\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\).
Bài này là bất đẳng thức nên mình không tìm điểm rơi.
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=x\\b-c=y\\c-a=z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2\cdot0}{xyz}}\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|\left(đpcm\right)\)
BĐT đã cho tương đương với:
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\right)^2-2\left[\dfrac{ab}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\right]\ge2\left(\cdot\right)\).
Mặt khác ta có: \(\dfrac{ab}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{ca}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=-1\).
Do đó \(\left(\cdot\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng).
BĐT đã cho dc c/m.
Trước hết ta có:
\(\dfrac{ab}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)+b^2c-a^2c+ac^2-bc^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(ab-ac-bc+c^2\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left[a\left(b-c\right)-c\left(b-c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=-1\)
Do đó:
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b-c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c-a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{a-b}\right)^2-2+2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{b-c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{c-a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{a-b}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\right)+2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\right)^2+2\ge2\) (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}+\dfrac{b+1}{12}+\dfrac{c+2}{18}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}{216\left(b+1\right)\left(c+2\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+2\right)}+\dfrac{c+1}{12}+\dfrac{a+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{b}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+2\right)}+\dfrac{a+1}{12}+\dfrac{b+2}{18}\ge\dfrac{c}{2}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT+\dfrac{5}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{13}{36}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{7}{12}\ge\dfrac{13}{36}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}+\dfrac{b+2}{36}+\dfrac{c+3}{48}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}{1728\left(b+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{4}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(c+2\right)\left(a+3\right)}+\dfrac{c+2}{36}+\dfrac{a+3}{48}\ge\dfrac{b}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+3\right)}+\dfrac{a+2}{36}+\dfrac{b+3}{48}\ge\dfrac{c}{4}\)
Cộng vế:
\(P+\dfrac{7\left(a+b+c\right)}{144}+\dfrac{17}{48}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{29}{144}\left(a+b+c\right)-\dfrac{17}{48}\ge\dfrac{29}{144}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\dfrac{17}{48}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Nhức nhối mãi bài này vì nó làm lag hết máy
Giải
Đặt \(x=\dfrac{b+c}{a};y=\dfrac{c+a}{b};z=\dfrac{a+b}{c}\)
Ta phải chứng minh \(Σ\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{x^2+2}\le8\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{2x+1}{x^2+2}\le\dfrac{5}{2}\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lại theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(Σ\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2+2}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z-3\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+6}\)
Ta còn phải chứng minh
\(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz-6x-6y-6z+9\right)\)\(\ge x^2+y^2+z^2+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+4\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-12\left(x+y+z\right)+12\ge0\)
Bây giờ có \(xy+yz+xz\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\ge12\left(xyz\ge8\right)\)
Còn phải chứng minh \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2+24-12\left(x+y+z\right)+12\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z-6\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Bởi vì BĐT là thuần nhất, ta có thể chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\). Khi đó
\(\dfrac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2+6a+9}{3a^2-6a+9}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+2\cdot\dfrac{4a+3}{2+\left(a-1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+2\cdot\dfrac{4a+3}{2}\right)=\dfrac{4a+4}{3}\)
Tương tự ta cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{\left(2b+c+a\right)^2}{2b^2+\left(a+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{4b+4}{3};\dfrac{\left(2c+b+a\right)^2}{2c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{4c+4}{3}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(Σ\dfrac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2}\geΣ\left(4a+4\right)=8\)
Nhìn qua đã biết là đề sai rồi bạn
Cho \(a,b,c\) các giá trị lớn ví dụ \(a=b=c=2\) là thấy sai ngay
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a^2+abc\right)^2}{a^2b^2+2abc^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2+abc\right)^2}{b^2c^2+2a^2bc}+\dfrac{\left(c^2+abc\right)}{a^2c^2+2ab^2c}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\right)^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\right)^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left[a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc\right]^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)
Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc}{ab+bc+ca}\ge2\)
Ta có: \(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3abc\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-9\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+3abc}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-9+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca}=2\) (đpcm)
sai cơ bản rồi bạn ơi : a(a+bc)^2 không bằng dc (a^2+abc)^2
