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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{20}\)
\(A=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4+5^5\right)+...+\left(5^{18}+5^{19}+5^{20}\right)\)
\(A=30+5^3\cdot31+...+5^{18}\cdot31\)
\(A=30+31\cdot\left(5^3+5^6+...+5^{18}\right)\)
Mà: \(31\cdot\left(5^3+5^6+...+5^{18}\right)\) ⋮ 31
\(\Rightarrow A=30+31\cdot\left(5^3+5^6+...+5^{18}\right)\) chia cho 31 dư 30
A = 5 + 52 + 53 +...+ 520
A = 520 + 519 + 518 +...+ 53 + 52 + 5
A = (520 + 519 + 518) + (517 + 516 + 515) +...+ (55 + 54 + 53) + (52+ 5)
A = 518.( 52 + 5 + 1) + 515.(52 + 5 + 1) +...+ 53.(52+ 5 + 1) + (25 + 5)
A = 518. 31 + 515.31 +...+ 53.31 + 30
A = 31.(518 + 515 +...+ 53) + 30
31 ⋮ 31 ⇒ 31.(518 + 515 +...+53) ⋮ 31 mà 30 : 31 = 0 dư 31
Vậy A : 31 dư 30
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{2009}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4.\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)\)
⇒ \(B\) ⋮ 4
b: \(C=5\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{2008}\left(1+5+5^2\right)=31\cdot\left(5+...+5^{2008}\right)⋮31\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Vì số tự nhiên a chia 3 dư 1 \(\Rightarrow\)a có dạng : 3k + 1 (với k là số tự nhiên)
\(\Rightarrow5a=5\left(3k+1\right)=15k+5\)
Vì 15k chia hết cho 3; 5 chia 3 dư 2.
\(\Rightarrow\)5a chia 3 dư 2.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
0\(a.S=1-5+5^2-5^3+...+5^{98}-5^{99}\\ 5S=5-5^2+5^3-5^4+.....+5^{99}-5^{100}\\ 5S+S=\left(5-5^2+5^3-5^4+.....+5^{99}-5^{100}\right)+\left(1-5^{ }+5^2-5^3+.....+5^{98}-5^{99}\right)\\ 6S=1-5^{100}\\ S=\dfrac{1-5^{100}}{6}\\ \)
\(b,S6=1-5^{100}\\ 1-S6=5^{100}\)
=> 5100 chia 6 du 1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(=5+\left(5^2+5^3\right)+\left(5^4+5^5\right)+...+\left(5^{2020}+5^{2021}\right)\\ =5+5\left(5+5^2\right)+5^3\left(5+5^2\right)+...+5^{2019}\left(5+5^2\right)\\ =5+\left(5+5^2\right)\left(5+5^3+...+5^{2019}\right)\\ =5+31\left(5+5^3+...+5^{2019}\right)\)
Vậy BT chia 31 dư 5
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
a. $(x-3)(y+1)=5=1.5=5.1=(-1)(-5)=(-5)(-1)$
Vì $x-3, y+1$ cũng là số nguyên nên ta có bảng sau:
b.
$A=21+5+(5^2+5^3)+(5^4+5^5)+....+(5^{98}+5^{99})$
$=26+5^2(1+5)+5^4(1+5)+....+5^{98}(1+5)$
$=2+24+(1+5)(5^2+5^4+...+5^{98}$
$=2+24+6(5^2+5^4+....+5^{98})=2+6(4+5^2+5^4+...+5^{98})$
$\Rightarrow A$ chia $6$ dư $2$.
5A=5+52+53+.....+513
5A—A=(5+52+53+...+514)—(1+5+52+...+513)
4A=514—1
A=(514—1):4
Đoạn này tự làm
Số dư là:6 bạn nha!