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Ta có: \(n_{N_2O}+n_{NO_2}+n_{N_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{HNO_3}=1,85.2=3,7\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ 10nN2O + 2nNO2 + 12nN2 = 3,7 (2)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{16,8}{24}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 8nN2O + nNO2 + 10nN2 = 2nMg + 3nFe = 2,9 (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2O}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{N_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{N_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}.100\%=30\%\)
m muối = mMg + mFe + 62.(8nN2O + nNO2 + 10nN2) = 224,6 (g)
Bài 1:
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)
Bài 12:
Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_O=\dfrac{15.12,8}{100}=1,92\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_O=\dfrac{1,92}{16}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2O}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn H: nHCl = 0,12.2 + 0,15.2 = 0,54 (mol)
=> nCl = 0,54 (mol)
mmuối = mhh rắn - mO + mCl
= 15 - 1,92 + 0,54.35,5 = 32,25 (g)
\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{17,6-12,8}{32} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{O(oxit)} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,3(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ 2H^+ + O^{2-} \to H_2O\\ 2H^+ + 2e \to H_2\\ n_{H^+} = 2n_O+ 2n_{H_2} = 0,3.2 + 0,1.2 = 0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+} = 0,4(mol)\\ V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} = 0,8(lít) = 800(ml)\)
n H2=\(\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}\)=0,05 mol
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
0,05---0,1-----0,05---------0,05 mol
ZnO+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
0,07----0,14---0,07
=m Zn=0,05.65=3,25g
m ZnCl2=0,05.136=6,8g
=>m ZnCl2 pt2 =16,32-6,8=9,52g
=>n ZnCl2=\(\dfrac{9,52}{136}\)=0,07 mol
=>m =3,25+0,07.81=8,92g
=>VHCl=\(\dfrac{0,24}{0,5}\)=0,48l=480ml
Ta có: nN2 = 0,22 (mol)
⇒ nNO3- = 10nN2 = 2,2 (mol)
⇒ m muối = mX + mNO3- = 31 + 2,2.62 = 167,4 (g)
nHNO3 = 12nN2 = 2,64 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{2,64}{2}=1,32\left(l\right)=1320\left(ml\right)\)