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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2019xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2+1=\frac{x^2+xy+xz+yz}{yz}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2019x^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)}\)\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+2\right)=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)(cô -si)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le\frac{x^2+1+1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}\)\(=x+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{y^2+1+\sqrt{2019y^2+1}}{y}\le y+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
và \(\frac{z^2+1+\sqrt{2019z^2+1}}{z}\le z+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các bđt trên, ta được:
\(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le x+y+z+3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Chứng minh được: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\frac{2019.3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2019xyz}\)
\(\le\frac{2019\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}=2019\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2020\left(x+y+z\right)=2020.2019xyz\)
Vậy \(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le2019.2020xyz\left(đpcm\right)\)
Theo bài ra ta có:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=\frac{z}{xyz}+\frac{x}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}=\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2019xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2+1=\frac{x^2+xy+xz+yz}{yz}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}=\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2019x^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+2\right)=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)(Theo BĐT Cosi)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019^2+1}}{x}\le\frac{x+1+1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=x+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{y^2+1+\sqrt{2019y^2+1}}{y}\le y+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\frac{z^2+1+\sqrt{2019z^2+1}}{z}\le z+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le x+y+z+3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Chứng minh được: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\frac{2019\cdot3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2019xyz}\le\frac{2019\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)\(=2019\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2020\left(x+y+z\right)=2020\cdot2019xyz=VP\)
=> ĐPCM
Ta có x√(1-y2)<= (x2 + 1 - y2)/2
y√(1-z2)<= (y2 +1 - z2)/2
z√(1- x2)<= (z2 + 1 - x2)/2
=>x√(1-y2) +y√(1-z2)z+√(1- x2)<=3/2
Đấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi: x2 = 1 - y2
y2 = 1-z2
z2 = 1- x2
Cộng vế theo vế ta được điều phải chứng minh
Theo giả thiết xy + yz + zx = 1 nên ta có: \(VT=\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}+\frac{1}{1+z^2}=\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^2\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right)=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^3\le\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)Ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)
hay \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối đúng theo AM - GM do: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}.\frac{y}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\le\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có \(1+x^2=x^2+xy+yz+xz=\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT <=>
\(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+...\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{x\sqrt{y+z}+y\sqrt{x+z}+z\sqrt{x+y}}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\right)^3\)
<=>\(\left(x+y+z\right)\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x\sqrt{y+z}+y\sqrt{x+z}+z\sqrt{x+y}\right)^3\)
<=> \(\left(x+y+z\right)\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\right)^3\)(1)
Xét \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
<=> \(9\left[xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+2xyz\right]\ge8\left(xy\left(x+y\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+3xyz\right)\)
<=> \(xy\left(y+x\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)\ge6xyz\)
<=> \(x\left(y-z\right)^2+z\left(x-y\right)^2+y\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\)luôn đúng
Khi đó (1) <=>
\(\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}.\sqrt{x+y+z}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+....\right)^3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\)
Áp dụng buniacopxki cho vế phải ta có
\(\sqrt{x\left(1-yz\right)}+\sqrt{y\left(1-xz\right)}+\sqrt{z\left(1-xy\right)}\le\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(3-xy-yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
=> BĐT được CM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta co: \(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}=y+z\)
Thê vào ta được
\(A=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2\)
ta có :
\(\frac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+xz+y^2\right)\left(xy+yz+xz+z^2\right)}{\left(xy+yz+xz+x^2\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\left(y+z\right)^2\)
tương tự ta sẽ có :
\(A=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=2\)
\(\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\frac{x^3}{\sqrt{x^2}.\sqrt{1-x^2}}\ge\frac{x^3}{\frac{x^2+1-x^2}{2}}=2x^3\)
Tương tự
\(\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}\ge2y^3;\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge2z^3\)
Cộng vế theo vế
\(VT\ge2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)=2\)