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a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)
Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Do đó: +) \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)
+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)
+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)
1,
Ta có: \(x^2\ge0;\left|y-13\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+\left|y-13\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+\left|y-13\right|+14\ge14\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+\left|y-13\right|+14}\le\frac{1}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{12}{x^2+\left|y-13\right|+14}\le\frac{12}{14}=\frac{6}{7}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 0, y = 13
Vậy Pmin = 6/7 khi x = 0, y = 13
2, \(P=\frac{n+2}{n-5}=\frac{n-5+7}{n-5}=1+\frac{7}{n-5}\)
Để P có GTLN thì\(\frac{7}{n-5}\) có GTLN => n - 5 có GTNN và n - 5 > 0 => n = 6
3,
Ta có: \(10\le n\le99\)
\(\Rightarrow20\le2n\le198\)
\(\Rightarrow2n\in\left\{36;64;100;144;196\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n\in\left\{18;32;50;72;98\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n+4\in\left\{22;36;50;72;98\right\}\)
Ta thấy chỉ có 36 là số chính phương
Vậy n = 32
4,
ÁP dụng TCDTSBN ta có:
\(\frac{a+b-c}{c}=\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{a+c-b}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+b+c-a+a+c-b}{c+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\) (vì a+b+c khác 0)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a+b-c}{c}=1\\\frac{b+c-a}{a}=1\\\frac{a+c-b}{b}=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b-c=c\\b+c-a=a\\a+c-b=b\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\a+c=2b\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)=\frac{a+b}{a}\cdot\frac{a+c}{c}\cdot\frac{b+c}{b}=\frac{2c}{a}\cdot\frac{2b}{c}\cdot\frac{2a}{b}=\frac{8abc}{abc}=8\)
Vậy B = 8
\(a+b+c = 1 ; 1/a + 1/b + 1/c = 1 \)
\(=> (a+b+c)(1/a +1/b+1/c) = 1\)
\(<=> a/b + b/a + a/c + c/a + b/c + c/b + 3 - 1 = 0\)
\(<=> (a^2+b^2)/ab + (a^2+c^2)/ac + (b^2+c^2)/bc + 2 =0\)
\(<=> (a^2 + b^2).c + (a^2+c^2).b + (b^2+c^2).a + 2abc = 0\)
\(<=> a^2c + b^2c + a^2b + c^2b + ab^2 + ac^2 + 2abc =0 \)
\(<=> a^2c + ac^2 + abc + a^2b+ ab^2 + abc + b^2c + bc^2 =0\)
\(<=> ac(a+b+c) + ab(a+b+c) + bc(b+c) =0 \)
\(<=> a(b+c)(a+b+c) + bc(b+c) =0 \)
\(<=> (b+c)(a^2 + ab + ac + bc ) = 0 \)
\(<=> (b+c)[a(a+b) + c(a+b)] =0\)
\(<=> (b+c)(a+b)(a+c) =0 \)
<=> 1 trong 3 số \(b+c;a+b ; a+c = 0\)
\(a+b=0 => a= -b => a + b + c = 1 <=> c = 1 ; a = b = 0\)
Thay vào S ta được : \(\Rightarrow S=0^{2019}+0^{2019}+1^{2019}=1\)