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a) Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)^3-\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)+6\left(x+1\right)^2=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+27+6\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^2+12x+19+6x^2+12x+6=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x+25=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=-10\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)
b) Ta có: \(2x^3-50x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(5x^2-4\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-4x^2+8x-4-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+9\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-9\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Ta có: \(x^3-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
e) Ta có: \(27x^3-27x^2+9x-1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(3x\right)^2\cdot1+3\cdot3x\cdot1^2-1^3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)^3=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-1=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=2\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
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a) \(27x^3+27x^2+9x+1=64\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^3+27x^2+9x-63=0\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^3-27x^2+54x^2-54x+63x-63=0\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^2\left(x-1\right)+54x\left(x-1\right)+63\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(27x^2+54x+63\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right).9\left(3x^2+6x+7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x^2+6x+7\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\3x^2+6x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà ta có:
\(3x^2+6x+7\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2x+1-1+\dfrac{7}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+1\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(3\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi x
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow3x^2+6x+7\) vô nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow x-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
b) \(\left(x-2\right)^3-x^2\left(x-6\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+6x^2=4\)
\(\Rightarrow12x-8=4\)
\(\Rightarrow12x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
c) \(\left(x-1\right)^3-\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+3\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1-\left(x^3+3^3\right)+3\left(x^2-2^2\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3-9+3x^2-12=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-22=2\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=24\)
\(\Rightarrow x=8\)
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Với \(x=0\) không phải nghiệm
Với \(x\ne0\) chia 2 vế cho \(x^2\), pt tương đương:
\(2x^2+3x-1+\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{2}{x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=1\\x+\dfrac{1}{x}=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x+1=0\\2x^2+5x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=0\left(vô-nghiệm\right)\\\left(x+2\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu a chắc là đề sai, vì nghiệm vô cùng xấu, tử số của phân thức cuối cùng là \(x+17\) mới hợp lý
b.
Đặt \(x+3=t\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)^4+\left(t-1\right)^4=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^4+6t^2-6=0\) (đến đây đoán rằng bạn tiếp tục ghi sai đề, nhưng thôi cứ giải tiếp)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t^2=-3+\sqrt{15}\\t^2=-3-\sqrt{15}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow t=\pm\sqrt{-3+\sqrt{15}}\Rightarrow x=-3\pm\sqrt{-3+\sqrt{15}}\)
Câu c chắc cũng sai đề, vì lên lớp 8 rồi không ai cho đề kiểu này cả, người ta sẽ rút gọn luôn số 1 bên trái và 60 bên phải.
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\(b,\left(x^2+1\right)^2+3x\left(X^2+1\right)+2x^2=0\)
đặt x^2+1 là y ta đc
\(y^2+3xy+2x^2=0< =>y^2+2xy+xy+2x^2=0< =>y\left(y+2x\right)+x\left(y+2x\right)=0< =>\left(y+x\right)\left(y+2x\right)=0< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-x\left(1\right)\\y=-2x\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
giải 1 ta có;\(x^2+1=-x< =>x^2+x+1=0< =>x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=0< =>\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(vônghiemej\right)\)
giải 2:\(x^2+1=-2x< =>x^2+2x+1=0< =>\left(x+1\right)^2=0< =>x+1=0< =>x=-1\left(nhận\right)\)
vậy......
b)Cách khác:\(\left(x^2+1\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+1\right)+2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)^2+x\left(x^2+1\right)+2x\left(x^2+1\right)+2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2x\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+1=0\left(loai\right)\\x^2+2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(27x^2\left(x+1\right)-\left(3x+1\right)^3=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow27x^3+27x^2-27x^3-27x^2-9x-1=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow-9x-1=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow-9x=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{7}{9}\)
\(27x^2\left(x+1\right)-\left(3x+1\right)^3\)
\(27x^3+27^2-27x^3-27x^2-9x-1=-8\)
\(-9x-1=-8\)
\(-9x=-7\)
\(x=\frac{7}{9}\)