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Bài 1: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2-3x-6\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-3\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(x-9\right)\left(x-7\right)+1\)
\(=x^2-7x-9x+63+1\)
\(=x^2-16x+64\)
\(=\left(x-8\right)^2\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+y^2-17\right)^2-4\left(xy-4\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2-17\right)^2-\left(2xy-8\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2-17-2xy+8\right)\left(x^2+y^2-17+2xy-8\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9\right]\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-25\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-5^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\left(x+y+5\right)\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(x+2y=xy+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-xy=2-2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-y\right)=2\left(1-y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-y\right)-2\left(1-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-y\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-y=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: (x,y)=(2;1)
2: \(8xy-24xy+16x\)
\(=8x\cdot y-8x\cdot3y+8x\cdot2\)
\(=8x\left(y-3y+2\right)=8x\left(-2y+2\right)\)
\(=-16y\left(y-1\right)\)
3: \(xy-x=x\cdot y-x\cdot1=x\left(y-1\right)\)
11: \(2mx-4m2xy+6mx\)
\(=2mx-2my\cdot4y+2mx\cdot3\)
\(=2mx\left(1-4y+3\right)\)
\(=2mx\left(4-4y\right)=8mx\left(1-y\right)\)
12: \(7x^2y^5-14x^3y^4-21y^3\)
\(=7y^3\cdot x^2y^2-7y^3\cdot2x^3y-7y^3\cdot3\)
\(=7y^3\left(x^2y^2-2x^3y-3\right)\)
13: \(2\left(x-y\right)-a\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(x-y\right)-a\cdot\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(2-a\right)\)
a) \(\left(x^5+4x^3-6x^2\right):4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^5:4x^2\right)+\left(4x^3:4x^2\right)+\left(-6x^2:4x^2\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+x-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b)
Vậy \(\left(x^3+x^2-12\right):\left(x-2\right)=x^2+3x+6\)
c) (-2x5 : 2x2) + (3x2 : 2x2) + (-4x^3 : 2x^2)
= \(-x^3+\dfrac{3}{2}-2x\)
d) \(\left(x^3-64\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right):\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=x-4\)
(dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ 7)
Bài 2 :
a) 3x(x - 2) - 5x(1 - x) - 8(x2 - 3)
= 3x2 - 6x - 5x + 5x2 - 8x2 + 24
= (3x2 + 5x2 - 8x2) + (-6x - 5x) + 24
= -11x + 24
b) (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2) + 2y3
= x3 - y3 + 2y3
= x3 + y3
c) (x - y)2 + (x + y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y)
= (x - y)2 - 2(x - y)(x + y) + (x + y)2
= [(x - y) + x + y)2 = [x - y + x + y] = (2x)2 = 4x2
Bài 1 :
a]= \(\frac{1}{4}\)x3 + x - \(\frac{3}{2}\).
b] => [x3 + x2 -12 ] = [ x2 +3 ][x-2] + [-6]
c]= -x3 -2x +\(\frac{3}{2}\).
d] = [ x3 - 64 ] = [ x2 + 4x + 16][ x- 4].
a, x2+2x+1+x+1
=(x2+2x+2)+x
=(x2+2x+12)+x
=(x+1)2+x
=(2x+1)2
=(2x-1).(2x+1 )
c,xy-y-2x-2
=(xy-2x)-(y-2)
=x.(y-2)-(y-2)
=(y-2).x
e,xy+xz+y2+yz
=(xy+y2)+(xz+yz)
=y.(x+y)+z.(x+y)
=(x+y).(y+z)
d,x3+x2+x+1
=(x3+x2)+(x+1)
=x2.(x+1)+(x+1)
=x2.(x+1)
b,y2+xy+x+2y+1
=(y2+2y)+(xy+x+1)
=y.(y+2) + x.(y+2)
=(y+2).(y+x)
a: \(x^4+3x^3+x^2+3x\)
\(=x\left(x^3+3x^2+x+3\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
c: \(x^2-xy-x+y\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
Bài 1.
a) x3 + 2x2 - 3x - 6 = ( x3 + 2x2 ) - ( 3x + 6 ) = x2( x + 2 ) - 3( x + 2 ) = ( x + 2 )( x2 - 3 )
b) ( x - 9 )( x - 7 ) + 1 = x2 - 16x + 63 + 1 = x2 - 16x + 64 = ( x - 8 )2
c) ( x2 + x - 1 )2 + 4x2 + 4x
= ( x2 + x - 1 )2 + 4( x2 + x ) (1)
Đặt t = x2 + x
(1) <=> ( t - 1 )2 + 4t
= t2 - 2t + 1 + 4t
= t2 + 2t + 1
= ( t + 1 )2
= ( x2 + x + 1 )2
d) ( x2 + y2 - 17 )2 - 4( xy - 4 )2
= ( x2 + y2 - 17 )2 - 22( xy - 4 )2
= ( x2 + y2 - 17 )2 - [ 2( xy - 4 ) ]2
= ( x2 + y2 - 17 )2 - ( 2xy - 8 )2
= [ ( x2 + y2 - 17 ) - ( 2xy - 8 ) ][ ( x2 + y2 - 17 ) + ( 2xy - 8 ) ]
= ( x2 + y2 - 17 - 2xy + 8 )( x2 + y2 - 17 + 2xy - 8 )
= [ ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 17 + 8 ][ ( x2 + 2xy + y2 ) - 17 - 8 ]
= [ ( x - y )2 - 9 ][ ( x + y )2 - 25 ]
= [ ( x - y )2 - 32 ][ ( x + y )2 - 52 ]
= ( x - y - 3 )( x - y + 3 )( x + y - 5 )( x + y + 5 )
Bài 2.
ĐK : x, y ∈ Z
a) x + 2y = xy + 2
<=> x + 2y - xy - 2 = 0
<=> ( x - xy ) - ( 2 - 2y ) = 0
<=> x( 1 - y ) - 2( 1 - y ) = 0
<=> ( 1 - y )( x - 2 ) = 0
+) Nếu 1 - y = 0 => y = 1 và nghiệm đúng với mọi x ∈ Z
+) Nếu x - 2 = 0 => x = 2 và nghiệm đúng với mọi y ∈ Z
Vậy phương trình có hai nghiệm
1. \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\\forall x\inℤ\end{cases}}\); 2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\\forall y\inℤ\end{cases}}\)
b) xy = x + y
<=> xy - x - y = 0
<=> ( xy - x ) - ( y - 1 ) - 1 = 0
<=> x( y - 1 ) - ( y - 1 ) = 1
<=> ( y - 1 )( x - 1 ) = 1
Ta có bảng sau :
Các nghiệm trên đều thỏa mãn ĐK
Vậy ( x ; y ) = { ( 2 ; 2 ) , ( 0 ; 0 ) }
a,\(x^3+2x^2-3x-6\)
\(=\left(x^3+2x^2\right)-\left(3x+6\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-3\right)\)
b,\(\left(x-9\right)\left(x-7\right)+1\)
\(=x^2-7x-9x+63+1\)
\(=x^2-16x+64\)
\(=\left(x-8\right)^2\)