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Bài 2:
a: \(A=11+\dfrac{3}{13}-2-\dfrac{4}{7}-5-\dfrac{3}{13}\)
\(=4-\dfrac{4}{7}=\dfrac{24}{7}\)
b: \(B=6+\dfrac{4}{9}+3+\dfrac{7}{11}-4-\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(=5+\dfrac{7}{11}=\dfrac{62}{11}\)
c: \(C=\dfrac{-5}{7}\left(\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{9}{11}\right)+1+\dfrac{5}{7}=1\)
d: \(D=\dfrac{7}{10}\cdot\dfrac{8}{3}\cdot20\cdot\dfrac{3}{8}\cdot\dfrac{5}{28}\)
\(=\dfrac{20}{10}\cdot7\cdot\dfrac{8}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{8}\cdot\dfrac{5}{28}=2\cdot\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
1) \(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2015}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2016}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2016}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+......+2^{2015}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=2^{2016}-1\)
Vậy \(A=2^{2016}-1\)
6)Ta có: \(13+23+33+43+.......+103=3025\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.13+2.23+2.33+2.43+.......+2.103=2.3025\)
\(\Leftrightarrow26+46+66+86+.......+206=6050\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(23+3\right)+\left(43+3\right)+\left(63+3\right)+\left(83+3\right)+.......+\left(203+3\right)=6050\)
\(\Leftrightarrow23+43+63+83+.......+203+3.10=6050\)
\(\Leftrightarrow23+43+63+83+.......+203+=6050-30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow23+43+63+83+.......+203+=6020\)
Vậy S=6020
b, B có 19 thừa số
=> \(-B=(1-\frac{1}{4})(1-\frac{1}{9})(1-\frac{1}{16})...(1-\frac{1}{400}) \)
<=>\(-B=\frac{(2-1)(2+1)(3-1)(3+1)(4-1)(4+1)...(20-1)(20+1)}{4.9.16...400} \)
<=>\(-B=\frac{(1.2.3.4...19)(3.4.5...21)}{(2.3.4.5.6...20)(2.3.4.5...20)} \)
<=>\(-B=\frac{21}{20.2} =\frac{21}{40} \)
<=>\(B=\frac{-21}{40} \)
\(N=4\cdot16\cdot\dfrac{9}{16}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{27}{8}=4\cdot9\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{27}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{16}{5}\cdot\dfrac{243}{8}=\dfrac{486}{5}\)
Bài 1:
Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\) ta tính được giá trị là \(9\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh nó là GTLN
Thật vậy ta cần chứng minh
\(\Sigma\dfrac{11a+4b}{4a^2-ab+2b^2}\le\dfrac{3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{abc}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{3}{a}-\dfrac{11a+4b}{4a^2-ab+2b^2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-6b\right)}{a\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-6b\right)}{a\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(a^5+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+b^2+c^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng theo vế ta có:
\(Σ\dfrac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\dfrac{Σ\dfrac{1}{a}+2Σa^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Ta chứng minh \(Σ\dfrac{1}{a}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) - BĐT cuối đúng
Vậy ta có ĐPCM. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bài 3:
Từ \(a+b+c=3abc\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}=3\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=3\) và BĐT cần chứng minh là
\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\). Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(x^3+x^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3\cdot x^3\cdot1}=3x^2\)
Tương tự có: \(y^3+y^3+1\ge3y^2;z^3+z^3+1\ge3z^2\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+3\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Lại có BĐT quen thuộc \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=9\left(xy+yz+xz=3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+3\ge9\Rightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\). BĐT cuối đúng nên ta có ĐPCM
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
T/b:Vâng, rất giỏi 
a: \(=\left(\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{14}{15}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9}{10}-2-\dfrac{11}{9}\right)+\dfrac{1}{157}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{157}+\dfrac{81-180-110}{90}\)
\(=\dfrac{158}{157}+\dfrac{-209}{90}\simeq-1.315\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{2}{6}\)
=1/3-1/3
=0
c: \(\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{3\cdot5}+...+\dfrac{2}{2015\cdot2017}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\)
=2016/2017
2/3+(-2/3)=3/5+(3/-5)=0
i: 2/5-1/10=4/10-1/10=3/10
2/5+(-1/10)=4/10-1/10=3/10
5/6-2/3=5/6-4/6=1/6
5/6+(-2/3)=1/6
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{a^5}{b^2(c+3)}+\frac{b(c+3)}{16}+\frac{ab}{4}\geq \frac{3}{4}a^2\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
\(A+\frac{5}{16}ab+\frac{3(a+b+c)}{16}\geq \frac{3}{4}(a^2+b^2+c^2)\)
Mà theo BĐT AM-GM dễ thấy \(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{7}{16}(a^2+b^2+c^2)-\frac{3}{16}(a+b+c)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM tiếp:
$a^2+1\geq 2a; b^2+1\geq 2b; c^2+1\geq 2c$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\geq 2(a+b+c)\geq a+b+c+3\sqrt[3]{abc}=a+b+c+3$
$\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\geq a+b+c\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{1}{4}(a+b+c)\geq \frac{1}{4}\sqrt[3]{abc}=\frac{3}{4}$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
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Câu 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(1+x^3+y^3\geq 3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}=3xy\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}; \frac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{xz}}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT thu được:
\(\text{VT}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{xz}}\geq 3\sqrt[6]{\frac{27}{x^2y^2z^2}}=3\sqrt[6]{27}=3\sqrt{3}\) (Cauchy)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
Câu 4:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{y}\right)(x+y)\geq (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1.(x+y)\geq (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2\Rightarrow x+y\geq 5+2\sqrt{6}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=5+2\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=2+\sqrt{6}; y=3+\sqrt{6}\)
------------------------------
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}.\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}=1\)
\(a^2+b^2\geq 2ab\Rightarrow \frac{3(a^2+b^2)}{4ab}\geq \frac{6ab}{4ab}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế hai BĐT trên:
\(\Rightarrow B\geq 1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\) hay \(B_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b$
\(\dfrac{a^5}{b^2\left(c+3\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{4}+\dfrac{a\left(c+3\right)}{16}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^6b^2\left(c+3\right)}{64b^2\left(c+3\right)}}=\dfrac{3}{4}a^2\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^5}{c^2\left(a+3\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{4}+\dfrac{b\left(a+3\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}b^2\)
\(\dfrac{c^5}{a^2\left(b+3\right)}+\dfrac{a^2}{4}+\dfrac{c\left(b+3\right)}{16}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}c^2\)
Cộng vế:
\(A+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^4}{4}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{16}+\dfrac{9}{16}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{16}-\dfrac{9}{16}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{16}-\dfrac{9}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{7}{16}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\dfrac{9}{16}\ge\dfrac{7}{16}.3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}-\dfrac{9}{16}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
\(5A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5^2}+\dfrac{3}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}.\)
\(4A=5A-A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}=B-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}.\)
\(5B=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{10}}.\)
\(4B=5B-B=1-\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}\right)-\dfrac{1}{5^{12}}< \dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{16}\)