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1, \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{3a}{3c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{3a+b}{3c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{3a+b}{3c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3a+b}=\frac{c}{3c+d}\)
2, a, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{a}{c}=\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{b}{d}\cdot\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\cdot\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số = nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{b}\) =\(\frac{c}{d}\) =>\(\frac{a}{c}\) =\(\frac{b}{d}\) =\(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\) =>\(\frac{ab}{cd}\) = \(\frac{a}{c}\) x\(\frac{b}{d}\) = \(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\) x \(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\) = \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
Còn với\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) thì bạn chỉ cần thay dấu trừ thành dấu công là được
Chúc bạn học tốt
Mình chỉ làm bài 1a, và bài 3 thôi nhé,còn lại là bạn tự làm nhé
Bài 1:
a, Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^2=\left[\frac{c}{d}\right]^2=\left[\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right]^2\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\)
Bài 3 : Sửa đề : Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\)
CM : a = b = c
Cách 1 : Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a}=1\)
vì \(a+b+c\ne0\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=1\Rightarrow a=b;\frac{b}{c}=1\Rightarrow b=c\)
Do đó : \(a=b=c\).
Cách 2 : Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=m\), ta có : \(a=bm,b=cm,c=am\)
Do đó : \(a=bm=m(mc)=m\left[m(ma)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m^3a\Rightarrow m^3=1(a\ne0)\Rightarrow m=1\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Cách 3 : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow1=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=1\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=b.k;c=d.k\)
Vế trái:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{b.k.b}{d.k.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
Vế phải:
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk+b\right).2}{d^2.\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{c\text{d}}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)(đpcm)
ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{a}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\\\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}.\frac{a}{c}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\\ \Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}.\frac{b}{d}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}hay\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2} \)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(1\right)\)
mà \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
a, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\Rightarrow a=kb;c=kd\)
Thay:
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=> đpcm
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=kb\\c=kd\end{cases}}\)
a) \(\frac{a+c}{b+d}=\frac{kb+kd}{b+d}=\frac{k\left(b+d\right)}{b+d}=k\)(1)
\(\frac{a-c}{b-d}=\frac{kb-kd}{b-d}=\frac{k\left(b-d\right)}{b-d}=k\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
b) \(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(kb+b\right)^2}{\left(kd+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left[b\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{kb\cdot b}{kd\cdot d}=\frac{kb^2}{kd^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
c) \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{kb+b}{kd+d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(kb\right)^2+b^2}{\left(kd\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{k^2b^2+b^2}{k^2d^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
b) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
Tự làm phần c nhé, không khó đâu