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\(a,\) \(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-4\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{IB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}-2\overrightarrow{IC}=2\overrightarrow{CB}-2\overrightarrow{IC}\)
\(=2\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)-2\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AI}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=2\overrightarrow{AB}-2\overrightarrow{AC}-2\overrightarrow{AC}+2\overrightarrow{AI}\)
\(\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(b,\overrightarrow{IJ}=\overrightarrow{AJ}-\overrightarrow{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{IA}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\overrightarrow{AG}-\overrightarrow{AJ}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)\((\) \(\) \(M\) \(trung\) \(điểm\) \(BC)\)
\(\overrightarrow{JG}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}-\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IJ}=-4\overrightarrow{JG}\Rightarrow I,J,G\) \(thẳng\) \(hàng\)
theo câu a, ta có\(\overrightarrow{AK}\) =\(\dfrac{3}{7}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{4}{7}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{7}.\dfrac{5}{3}\overrightarrow{AI}+\dfrac{4}{7}.\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AJ}\)
=> K,I, J thẳng hàng
Câu 1:
vecto AM+vecto BN+vecto CP
=1/2(vecto AB+vecto AC+vecto BA+vecto BC+vecto CA+vecto CB)
=1/2*vecto 0
=vecto 0
a) \(\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} = 2.3.\cos \widehat {BAC} = 6.\cos {60^o} = 3\)
b)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} = 2\overrightarrow {AM} \)(do M là trung điểm của BC)
\( \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {AM} = \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} \)
+) \(\overrightarrow {BD} = \overrightarrow {AD} - \overrightarrow {AB} = \frac{7}{{12}}\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} \)
c) Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow {AM} .\overrightarrow {BD} = \left( {\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AB} + \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} } \right)\left( {\frac{7}{{12}}\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right)\\ = \frac{7}{{24}}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} - \frac{1}{2}{\overrightarrow {AB} ^2} + \frac{7}{{24}}{\overrightarrow {AC} ^2} - \frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {AB} \\ = - \frac{1}{2}A{B^2} + \frac{7}{{24}}A{C^2} - \frac{5}{{24}}\overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} \\ = - \frac{1}{2}{.2^2} + \frac{7}{{24}}{.3^2} - \frac{5}{{24}}.3\\ = 0\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow AM \bot BD\)
a) \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CI}=\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{CA}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{BA}=\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\).
b) Có \(\overrightarrow{BJ}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{BI}\).
Vì vậy 3 điểm B, I, J thẳng hàng.
c)
Trên cạnh AC lấy điểm K sao cho \(\overrightarrow{AK}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\).
Tại điểm K dựng điểm T sao cho \(\overrightarrow{KT}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\).
\(\overrightarrow{BJ}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{AK}+\overrightarrow{KT}=\overrightarrow{AT}\).
Dựng điểm T sao cho \(\overrightarrow{BJ}=\overrightarrow{AT}\).
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {GA} + \overrightarrow {GB} + \overrightarrow {GC} + \overrightarrow {GD} = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow \left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {IA} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {IB} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GJ} + \overrightarrow {JC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GJ} + \overrightarrow {JD} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {GI} + \left( {\overrightarrow {IA} + \overrightarrow {IB} } \right) + 2\overrightarrow {GJ} + \left( {\overrightarrow {JC} + \overrightarrow {JD} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {GI} + 2\overrightarrow {GJ} = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow 2\left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {GJ} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {GJ} = \overrightarrow 0 \Rightarrow \)G là trung điểm của đoạn thẳng IJ
Vậy I, G, J thẳng hàng
