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1.
a, \(x-14=3x+18\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3x=18+14\)
\(\Rightarrow-2x=32\Rightarrow x=\frac{32}{-2}=-16\)
b, \(\left(x+7\right).\left(x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+7=0\\x-9=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-7\\x=9\end{cases}}}\)
c, \(\left|2x-5\right|-7=22\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-5\right|=22+7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-5\right|=29\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+5=29\\2x-5=29\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=24\\2x=34\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=12\\x=17\end{cases}}\)
d, \(\left(\left|2x\right|-5\right)-7=22\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\left|2x\right|-5\right)=29\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x\right|=29+5\Rightarrow\left|2x\right|=34\Rightarrow x=\pm17\)
e, \(\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+9\right|+\left|x+5\right|=4x\)
Vì \(\left|x+3\right|\ge0;\left|x+9\right|\ge0;\left|x+5\right|\ge0;4x\ge0\)
Nên \(\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+9\right|+\left|x+5\right|=4x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+3\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+3\right|=x+3\)
\(\left|x+9\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+9\right|=x+9\)
\(\left|x+5\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+5\right|=x+5\)
Ta có :
\(x+3+x+9+x+5=4x\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+\left(3+9+5\right)=4x\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-3x=17\)
\(\Rightarrow x=17\)
2. a , b sai đề bn
c, \(\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\text{ }Ư\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau :
| 5x+1 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 | 4 | -4 |
| y-1 | -4 | 4 | -2 | 2 | -1 | 1 |
| x | 0 | -2/5 | 1/5 | -3/5 | 3/5 | -1 |
| y | -3 | 5 | -1 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
d, \(5xy-5x+y=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5xy-5x\right)+y=5\)
\(\Rightarrow5x.\left(y-1\right)+y=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(Ư\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau :
| 5x+1 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 | 4 | -4 |
| y-1 | -4 | 4 | -2 | 2 | -1 | 1 |
| x | 0 | -2 | 1/5 | -3/5 | 3/5 | -1 |
| y | -3 | 5 | -1 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
a) \(\left(5x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)=4\)
vì x,y nguyên nên 5x+1 và y-1 cũng nguyên.
vậy có 2 cặp số x,y thõa mãn đề bài là : x=0;y=5
x=-1;y=0
b) \(5xy-5x+y=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5xy-5x+y-1=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(y-1\right)\left(5x+1\right)=4\)
giống câu a nên ko làm nữa :))
a) \(xy+x+y=2\)
\(xy+x+y+1=2+1\)
\(\left(xy+x\right)+\left(y+1\right)=3\)
\(x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)=3\)
\(\left(y+1\right)\left(x+1\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\in\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\\y+1\in\left\{-1;-3;3;1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-4;-2;0;2\right\}\\y\in\left\{-2;-4;2;0\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ta tìm được các cặp giá trị \(\left(x;y\right)\) thỏa mãn yêu cầu:
\(\left(-4;-2\right);\left(-2;-4\right);\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
b) \(\left(x+1\right).y+2=-5\)
\(\left(x+1\right).y=-5-2\)
\(\left(x+1\right).y=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1\in\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7;-7;-1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-8;-2;0;6\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7;-7;-1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(x< y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\left\{-8;-2\right\}\\y\in\left\{1;7\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ta tìm được các cặp giá trị \(\left(x;y\right)\) thỏa mãn yêu cầu:
\(\left(-8;1\right);\left(-2;7\right)\)
5xy - 5x + y = 5
<=> 5xy = 5 + 5x - y
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5+5x-y}{5y}\\y=\dfrac{5+5x-y}{5x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(5xy-5x+y=5\)
\(\Rightarrow5x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(y-1\right)\left(5x+1\right)=4\)
Do \(x,y\in Z\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=1\\5x+1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{3}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=4\\5x+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5\left(tm\right)\\x=0\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH3: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=2\\5x+1=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH4: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-2\\5x+1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{3}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH5: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-1\\5x+1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\left(tm\right)\\x=-1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH6: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-4\\5x+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{2}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;5\right);\left(-1;0\right)\right\}\)
Vì x-2 thuoc Z,y+3 thuoc Z, 15 thuoc Z
x-2 × y-3 thuoc ước của 15
Mà 15 có uoc la 1, -1, 3, -3,5,-5,15, -15
Rồi lập bảng thử chọn là xong câu a
\(\text{a) }\left(5x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x+1,y-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x+1,y-1\in\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
Ta có bảng :
\(\text{b) }5xy-5x+y=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5xy+y\right)-5x=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(5x+1\right)-\left(5x+1\right)-1=5-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(5x+1\right)-\left(5x+1\right)-1=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-1\right).\left(5x+1\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y-1,5x+1\inƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y-1,5x+1\in\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
Ta có bảng :