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PTHH: Ba(OH)2 + 2HCl ===> BaCl2 + 2H2O
Ta có: nBa(OH)2 = 0,05 x 0,04 = 0,002 (mol)
nHCl = 0,06 x 0,15 = 0,009 (mol)
Lập tỉ lệ số mol: \(\frac{0,002}{1}< \frac{0,009}{2}\)
=> HCl dư, Ba(OH)2 hết
=> Tính theo số mol Ba(OH)2
Theo PTHH: nBaCl2 = nBa(OH)2 = 0,0002 (mol)
=> CM(BaCl2) = \(\frac{0,002}{0,2}=0,01M\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(0,002\right)+2HCl\left(0,004\right)\rightarrow BaCl_2\left(0,002\right)+2H_2O\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,04.0,05=0,002\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,15.0,06=0,009\)
Ta có: \(\frac{0,002}{1}< \frac{0,009}{2}\) nên Ba(OH)2 phản ứng hết còn HCl dư
\(\Rightarrow C_M=\frac{0,004}{0,2}=0,02M\)
a) \(n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot0,12+0,1\cdot0,04=0,016\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,016}{0,2}=0,08M\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,08\right)=1,1\)
b) \(n_{OH^-}=n_{KOH}+2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,012+2\cdot0,004=0,02\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2}=0,1\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(\dfrac{10^{-14}}{0,1}\right)=13\)
a, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_4^{2-}}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H^+}=0,02+0,06=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,05=0,015\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba^{2+}}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
0,03___0,03 (mol) ⇒ nH+ dư = 0,05 (mol)
\(Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow BaSO_4\)
0,015___0,015______0,015 (mol) ⇒ nSO42- dư = 0,015 (mol)
⇒ m = mBaSO4 = 0,015.233 = 3,495 (g)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2+0,3}=0,04\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,2+0,3}=0,03\left(M\right)\)
b, pH = -log[H+] = 1
`n_{BaCl_2}=200.10^{-3}.1=0,2(mol)`
`n_{KCl}=100.10^{-3}.2=0,2(mol)`
`->n_{Cl^-}=2n_{BaCl_2}+n_{KCl}=0,6(mol)`
`->[Cl^-]={0,6}/{(200+100).10^{-3}}=2M`
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05.0,04=0,002mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,15.0,06=0,009mol\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,002}{1}< \dfrac{0,009}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
0,002 0,004 0,002
\(C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,002}{0,05+0,15}=0,01M\\ C_{M_{HCl.dư}}=\dfrac{0,009-0,004}{0,05+0,15}=0,025M\)