Question

[Dương Hồng Bảo Phúc]

1. Tìm số tự nhiên x biết \(3^x+3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}=351\).

2. Cho C=\(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\). Hãy giải thích vì sao C chia hết cho 5.

3. Cho \(\left(\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}+\overline{eg}\right)⋮9\). Hãy giải thích \(\overline{abcdeg}⋮9\).

4. Cho S=\(3^0+3^2+3^4+3^6+...+3^{2002}\). So sánh 8S và \(3^{2004}\).

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Đức Trí]

1) \(3^x+3^{x+1}+3^{x+2}=351\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x\left(1+3^1+3^2\right)=351\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x.13=351\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=27\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=3^3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=3\)

2) \(C=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^4\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)...+2^{96}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C=30+2^4.30...+2^{96}.30\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\left(1+2^4+...+2^{96}\right).30⋮30\)

mà \(30=5.6\)

\(\Rightarrow C⋮5\left(dpcm\right)\)

Answer 2

[Tin dễ mà =))]

1,

Có \(3^x\)+ \(3^{x+1}\) + \(3^{x+2}\) = \(351\)

=> \(3^x\) + \(3^x\).\(3\) + \(3^x\).\(9\) = \(351\)

=> \(3^x\).\(13\) = \(351\)

=> \(3^x\) = \(27\)

=> \(x\) = \(3\)

2,

C = \(2\) + \(2^2\) + \(2^3\) + ... + \(2^{100}\)

2C = \(2^2\) + \(2^3\) + \(2^4\) + ... + \(2^{101}\)

2C - C = \(2^{101}\) - \(2\)

C = \(2^{101}\) - \(2\)

C = \(2\).\(\left(2^{100}-1\right)\)

C = 2.\(\left(\left(2^5\right)^{20}-1^{20}\right)\)

Có \(2^5\) \(-1\) \(⋮\) 5

=> \(\left(\left(2^5\right)^{20}-1^{20}\right)\) \(⋮\) 5

=> C \(⋮\) 5

3,

Xét \(\overline{abcdeg}\)

= \(\overline{ab}\).\(10000\) + \(\overline{cd}\).\(100\) + \(\overline{eg}\)

= \(\left(\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}+\overline{eg}\right)\) + \(9.\left(1111.\overline{ab}+11.\overline{cd}\right)\)

Có\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9.\left(1111.\overline{ab}+11.\overline{cd}\right)⋮9\left(1111.\overline{ab}+11.\overline{cd}\inℕ^∗\right)\\\overline{ab}+\overline{cd}+\overline{eg}⋮9\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\overline{abcdeg}⋮9\)

4,

S = \(3^0+3^2+3^4+...+3^{2002}\)

9S = \(3^2+3^4+3^6+...+3^{2004}\)

9S - S = \(3^2+3^4+3^6+...+3^{2004}\) - (\(3^0+3^2+3^4+...+3^{2002}\))

8S = \(3^{2004}-1\)

=> 8S \(< 3^{2004}\)