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\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1.3}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3.5}}+.......+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{29.31}}\right)\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+.....-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{29}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{29}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{31}}\right)\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{31}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{31-\sqrt{31}}{31}\right)=\dfrac{31-\sqrt{31}}{62}\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{17}}{3} = 5,(6);\\ - \frac{{125}}{111} = 1,(126);\\\sqrt 5 = 2,2360679....; \sqrt {19} = 4,3588989...\end{array}\)
b) Làm tròn số \( \sqrt {19} \) với độ chính xác 0,05, tức là làm tròn số 4,3588989… đến chữ số hàng phần mười, ta được 4,4.
a: \(\dfrac{17}{3}=5,\left(6\right);-\dfrac{125}{111}=-1,\left(126\right);\sqrt{5}\simeq2,24\)
\(\sqrt{19}\simeq4,36\)
b: \(\sqrt{19}\simeq4,4\)
Xét bài toán phụ sau:
Nếu \(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\) \(\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)\)
Thật vậy
Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{abc}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{0}{abc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\)
Bài toán được chứng minh
Quay trở lại, ta sẽ áp dụng bài toán phụ vào bài chính:
Ta có: \(P=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}}+...+\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{779^2}+\frac{1}{801^2}}\)
Vì \(2+1+\left(-3\right)=0\) nên:
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-3\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}+1-\frac{1}{3}\)
Tương tự ta tính được:
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}\) ; ... ; \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{799^2}+\frac{1}{801^2}}=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{2}+1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot400+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{799}-\frac{1}{801}\right)\)
\(=200+\frac{800}{801}=\frac{161000}{801}=\frac{a}{b}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=161000\\b=801\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=161000-801\cdot200=800\)
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\) ( Với \(k\ge2\))
Ta có:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2+\left(k+1\right)^2+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^4+2k^3+k^2+k^2+2k+1+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{k^4+2k^2\left(k+1\right)+\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)^2}{\left(k\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}}=\frac{k^2+k+1}{k^2+k}=1+\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}=2014-\frac{1}{2014}\)
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 ( Với k≥2)
Ta có:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2(k+1)2+(k+1)2+k2k2(k+1)2 =k4+2k3+k2+k2+2k+1+k2k2(k+1)2
=k4+2k2(k+1)+(k+1)2k2(k+1)2 =(k2+k+1)2(k(k+1))2
⇒√1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2+k+1k2+k =1+1k(k+1) =1+1k −1k+1
⇒S=1+1−12 +1+12 −13 +1+13 −14 +...+1+12013 −12014 =2014−12014
Dat bieu thuc tren la A
ta co \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+2}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+2}-\sqrt{n}}{2}\)
ap dung dang thuc tren ta co\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2}\)
tuong tu ta co \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
.........
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2015}}=\frac{\sqrt{2017}-\sqrt{2015}}{2}\)
ta co
\(A=\frac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}+.....+\sqrt{2017}-\sqrt{2015}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{2017}-1}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\frac{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}{3}}+\sqrt{\frac{2-2\sqrt{2}+1}{3}}}{\sqrt{\frac{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}{3}}-\sqrt{\frac{2-2\sqrt{2}+1}{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3}}}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{3}}}{\frac{\sqrt{2}+1-\sqrt{2}+1}{\sqrt{3}}}=\frac{\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}}{\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}}=\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có : 1,12(32) = 1,12 + 0,0032
Mà 0,0032 = 32/9990
Nên : 1,12(32) = 28/25 + 32/9990 = 556/495
Nhập vào máy : Sích mak
công thức (2n - 1) ( 2n + 1) x chạy từ 1 đến 15 ok