Tìm m biết:m+2 = 3x4+5, 1x2y2-y4; -x4-7, 2xy3
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\(M=x^2+xy+y^2-3x-3\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+xy+y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}x^2-3x-3\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x+1-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-1\right)^2-6>=-6\forall x,y\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x-1=0\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
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Câu 2: \(x^2-5x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.x.\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{21}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{5}{2}=\pm\frac{\sqrt{21}}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\frac{\sqrt{21}+5}{2}\)
Thay vào biểu thức đó:
\(\frac{x^2+1}{x^2}=1+\frac{1}{x^2}=1+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(\sqrt{21}+5\right)^2}{4}}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{\frac{21+10\sqrt{21}+25}{4}}=1+\frac{4}{46+10\sqrt{21}}=\frac{50+10\sqrt{21}}{46+10\sqrt{21}}\)
\(=\frac{25+5\sqrt{10}}{23+5\sqrt{10}}\). ĐS...
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\(\Leftrightarrow5^x=\dfrac{5^{2019}}{5^{2010}\cdot5^2}=5^7\)
hay x=7
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Ta có:
\(N=\left(1+2\right)\left(2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)...\left(2^{2008}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\left(2^2-1\right)\left(2^2+1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)...\left(2^{2008}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\left(2^4-1\right)\left(2^4+1\right)...\left(2^{2008}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\left(2^8-1\right)...\left(2^{2008}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=2^{4016}-1>2^{2016}=M\)
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Lời giải:
a.
$x^8+x^4+1=(x^4)^2+2x^4+1-x^4$
$=(x^4+1)^2-(x^2)^2=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+1+x^2)$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)[(x^2+1)^2-x^2]$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)(x^2+1-x)(x^2+1+x)$
b.
$x^{12}-3x^6-1=(x^6-\frac{3}{2})^2-\frac{13}{4}$
$=(x^6-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{13}}{2})(x^6-\frac{3}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{13}}{2})$
c.
$3x^4+10x^2-25=(3x^4+15x^2)-(5x^2+25)$
$=3x^2(x^2+5)-5(x^2+5)=(x^2+5)(3x^2-5)$
$=(x^2+5)(\sqrt{3}x-\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{5})$
c.
$x^2-5y^2-y^4+2xy-9$
$=(x^2+2xy+y^2)-(y^4+6y^2+9)$
$=(x+y)^2-(y^2+3)^2$
$=(x+y+y^2+3)(x+y-y^2-3)$
\(a,x^8+x^4+1\\ =\left(x^8+2x^4+1\right)-x^4\\ =\left(x^4+1\right)^2-x^4\\ =\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\\ b,x^{12}-3x^6-1\\ =\left(x^{12}-2x^6+1\right)-x^6-2\\ =\left(x^6-1\right)^2-x^6-2\\ =\left(x^6-x^3-1\right)\left(x^6+x^3-1\right)-2???\\ c,3x^4+10x^2-25\\ =4x^4-\left(x^4-10x^2+25\right)\\ =4x^4-\left(x^2-5\right)^2\\ =\left(2x^2-x^2+5\right)\left(2x^2+x^2-5\right)\\ =\left(x^2+5\right)\left(3x^2-5\right)\\ d,x^2-5y^2-y^4+2xy-9\\ =\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^4+6y^2+9\right)\\ =\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y^2+3\right)^2\\ =\left(x+y+y^2+3\right)\left(x+y-y^2-3\right)\)
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a) (x + 3)² - (x - 2)(x + 2) = 1
x² + 6x + 9 - x² + 4 - 1 = 0
6x + 12 = 0
6x = 0 - 12
6x = -12
x = -12/6
x = -2
b) M = x² - 6x
= x² - 6x + 9 - 9
= (x - 3)² - 9
Do (x - 3)² ≥ 0 với mọi x ∈ R
⇒ (x - 3)² - 9 ≥ -9
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của M là -9 khi x = 3