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Bài 1:
\(A=\log_380=\log_3(2^4.5)=\log_3(2^4)+\log_3(5)\)
\(=4\log_32+\log_35=4a+b\)
\(B=\log_3(37,5)=\log_3(2^{-1}.75)=\log_3(2^{-1}.3.5^2)\)
\(=\log_3(2^{-1})+\log_33+\log_3(5^2)=-\log_32+1+2\log_35\)
\(=-a+1+2b\)
Bài 2:
\(\log_{30}8=\frac{\log 8}{\log 30}=\frac{\log (2^3)}{\log (10.3)}=\frac{3\log2}{\log 10+\log 3}\)
\(=\frac{3\log (\frac{10}{5})}{1+\log 3}=\frac{3(\log 10-\log 5)}{1+\log 3}=\frac{3(1-b)}{1+a}\)
\(a,A=log_23\cdot log_34\cdot log_45\cdot log_56\cdot log_67\cdot log_78\\ =log_28\\ =log_22^3\\ =3\\ b,B=log_22\cdot log_24...log_22^n\\ =log_22\cdot log_22^2...log_22^n\\ =1\cdot2\cdot...\cdot n\\ =n!\)
Lời giải:
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \log_ab=x\\ \log_bc=y\\ \log_ca=z\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \log_ba=\frac{1}{x}\\ \log_cb=\frac{1}{y}\\ \log_ac=\frac{1}{z}\end{matrix}\right. \). và \(xyz=1\)
Do \(a,b,c>1\Rightarrow x,y,z>0\)
Ta có:
\(P=\log_a(bc)+\log_b(ac)+4\log_c(ab)\)
\(=\log_ab+\log_ac+\log_ba+\log_bc+4\log_ca+4\log_cb\)
\(=x+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+y+4z+\frac{4}{y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x+\frac{1}{x}\geq 2\sqrt{1}=2\\ y+\frac{4}{y}\geq 2\sqrt{4}=4\\ \frac{1}{z}+4z\geq 2\sqrt{4}=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow P\geq 2+4+4=10\)
\(\Rightarrow m=10\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x=\frac{1}{x}\rightarrow x=1\\ y=\frac{4}{y}\rightarrow y=2\\ \frac{1}{z}=4z\rightarrow z=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)
Suy ra \(n=\log_bc=y=2\)
\(\Rightarrow m+n=12\)
\(\dfrac{a^2\cdot\sqrt[3]{a}\cdot\sqrt[5]{a^4}}{\sqrt[4]{a}}=\dfrac{a^2\cdot a^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\cdot a^{\dfrac{4}{5}}}{a^{\dfrac{1}{4}}}=\dfrac{a^{\dfrac{47}{15}}}{a^{\dfrac{1}{4}}}=a^{\dfrac{173}{60}}\)
\(\Rightarrow log_a\left(\dfrac{a^2\cdot\sqrt[3]{a}\cdot\sqrt[5]{a^4}}{\sqrt[4]{a}}\right)=log_a\left(a^{\dfrac{173}{60}}\right)=\dfrac{173}{60}\)
\(a^{2log_a\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{105}}{30}\right)}=a^{log_a\left(\dfrac{7}{60}\right)}=\dfrac{7}{60}\)
Vậy \(B=\dfrac{173}{60}+\dfrac{7}{60}=\dfrac{180}{60}=3\)
a) \(log_29\cdot log_34=4\)
b) \(log_{25}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
c) \(log_23\cdot log_9\sqrt{5}\cdot log_54=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(log_a\left(a^3b^2\right)=log_aa^3+log_ab^2=3+2\cdot log_ab\)
=>B
Chọn A.
Ta có