phân tích đa thúc thanh nhân thử x^3-3x^2 -3x+1
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1: \(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{2x^4+4x^3-x^3-2x^2-2x^2-4x+x+2}{x+2}\)
\(=2x^3-x^2-2x+1\)
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\(a,\)\(x^3-3x^2+1-3x\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)-\left(3x^2+3x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-3x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+3x\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5x+1\right)\)
\(b,\)\(3x-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=\left(3x^2+3x\right)-\left(10x+10\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-10\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(c,\)\(x^4+1-2x^2\)
\(=x^4-x^2-x^2+1\)
\(=\left(x^4-x^2\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(d,\)\(=x^2-3x+2\)
\(=x^2-x-2x+2\)
\(=\left(x^2-x\right)-\left(2x-2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
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\(x^3+y^3-3x^2+3x-1\\=(x^3-3x^2+3x-1)+y^3\\=(x-1)^3+y^3\\=(x-1+y)[(x-1)^2-(x-1)y+y^2]\\=(x+y-1)(x^2-2x+1-xy+y+y^2)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(3x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x+1-3x+1\right)\left(3x+1+3x-1\right)\)
\(=2\cdot6x\)
\(=12x\)
_________
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left(x+y-x+y\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot2y\)
\(=4xy\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^3+\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+y+x-y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+3y^2\right)\)
______
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x-y\right)+z^3+3xyz\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-3xy\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y+z\right)^2-3z\left(x+y\right)-3xy\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz-3xz-3yz-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
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Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
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\(x^3+3x^2-3x-1=\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(3x^2-3x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+3x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x^2+x+1\right)+3x\right]=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4x+1\right)\)
\(x^3-3x^2-3x+1\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)-\left(3x^2+3x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^2-x+1\right)-3x.\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^2-x+1-3x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right).\left(x^2-4x+1\right)\)