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Ta có: \(x+2y+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\left(2y+3z\right)\)
Lại có: \(2xy+6yz+3xz=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(2y+3z\right)+6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2y+3z\right)\left(2y+3z\right)+6yz=0\Leftrightarrow-\left(2y+3z\right)^2+6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+3z\right)^2-6yz=0\Leftrightarrow4y^2+12yz+9z^2-6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4y^2+6yz+9z^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+\dfrac{3z}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{27z^2}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2y+\dfrac{3z}{2}\right)^2=0\\\dfrac{27z^2}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow y=z=0\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{\left(-1\right)^{2019}-1^{2017}+\left(-1\right)^{2015}}{1^{2018}+2.0^{2016}+0^{2014}+2}=\dfrac{-1-1+-1}{1+0+0+2}=\dfrac{-3}{3}=-1\)
Ta có: \(3x^2+3y^2+4xy+2x-2y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-2y+1+2x^2+4xy+2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Do đó: \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-1=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\\-1+1=0\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=-1 và y=1 vào biểu thức \(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2016}+\left(x+2\right)^{2017}+\left(y-1\right)^{2018}\), ta được:
\(M=\left(-1+1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+2\right)^{2017}+\left(1-1\right)^{2018}\)
\(=0^{2016}+1^{2017}+0^{2018}=1\)
Vậy: M=1
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{1}}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3}=\frac{1}{3\left(xy+zx+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}\)
Tương tự ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(3y+1\right)\left(z+x\right)+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\) ; \(\frac{1}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(x+y\right)+z}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại:
\(A\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A\le\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\) khi đó:
\(3A\le\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)+1}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(2bc-bc\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(2ca-ca\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+1}+\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)+1}+\frac{1}{ca\left(c+a\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{ca\left(c+a\right)+abc}\)
\(=\frac{c}{a+b+c}+\frac{a}{b+c+a}+\frac{b}{c+a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy Max(A) = 1 khi x = y = z = 1
Câu hỏi của Pham Van Hung - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Từ giả thiết ta có ngay \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left[\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
Suy ra x + y = 0 hoặc y + z = 0 hoặc z + x = 0
Tới đây bạn tự làm nhé :)
