Chứng Minh đẳng thức x2+y2+1\(\ge\)xy+x+y ( với mọi x;y)
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Dễ thấy:
\(VT\ge\left(x+y\right)^2+1-\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}+1\)
Áp dụng Cô-si:
\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}.1}=\sqrt{3}\left|x+y\right|\ge\sqrt{3}\left(x+y\right)\)
Do đó:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2+1-xy\ge\sqrt{3}\left(x+y\right),\forall x,y\in R\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\forall x,y>0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+4xy+2\left(x+y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(=1+x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+4xy+2\left(x+y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)+\left(x^2y^2+2xy+1\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(1+xy\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+1+xy\right)^2\) là SCP
(1+x2)(1+y2)+4xy+2(x+y)(1+xy)
= 1+y2+x2+x2y2+2xy+2xy+2(x+y)(1+xy)
=(x2+2xy+y2)+(x2y2+2xy+1)+2(x+y)(1+xy)
=(x+y)2+(xy+1)2+2(x+y)(1+xy)
=(x+y+xy+1)2
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a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{4}-\dfrac{y^2}{4}+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\forall x;y\\\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0,\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0,\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(...=x^2-2x+1+4\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+z^2-6z+9+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y^{ }+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0,\forall x.y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x^2+y^2+1\ge xy+x+y\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x^2+2\ge2xy+2y+2y\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2-2xy-2x-2y\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+x^2+y^2+y^2+1+1-2xy-2x-2y\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\left(true\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+1\ge xy+x+y\) luôn đúng với mọi x;y