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\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-\dfrac{A}{3}=\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+\dfrac{1}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2A}{3}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3^2}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^3}-\dfrac{1}{3^3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=3\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{A}=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2.3^{99}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
cái này dễ lắm chỉ là chưa để ý thôi:
a,1/101>1/102>...>1/199>1/200
=>1/101+1/102+...+1/199+1/200<100*1/101=100/101<1
các phần khác làm tương tự
đánh mỏi tay quá duyệt luôn đi
a)
Vì \(\frac{2009}{2010}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{2009}{2010}< \frac{2009+1}{2010+1}=\frac{2010}{2011}\)
Cần nhớ:
Nếu: \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+n}{b+n}\left(n\inℕ^∗\right)\)
Và tương tự: \(\frac{a}{b}>1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+n}{b+n}\left(n\inℕ^∗\right)\)
b)Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3^{400}}=\frac{1}{\left(3^4\right)^{100}}=\frac{1}{81^{100}}\)
\(\frac{1}{4^{300}}=\frac{1}{\left(4^3\right)^{100}}=\frac{1}{64^{100}}\)
Vì: \(81^{100}>64^{100}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{81^{100}}< \frac{1}{64^{100}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3^{400}}< \frac{1}{4^{300}}\)
c) Ta có:
\(\frac{200+201}{201+202}=\frac{401}{403}< 1\)
\(\frac{200}{201}+\frac{201}{202}=1-\frac{1}{201}+1-\frac{1}{202}=2-\left(\frac{1}{201}+\frac{1}{202}\right)>1\)
=>\(\frac{200}{201}+\frac{201}{202}>\frac{200+201}{201+202}\)
c) P = \(\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+\dfrac{1}{103}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{151}+\dfrac{1}{152}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
Dễ thấy \(\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}>\dfrac{1}{150}+\dfrac{1}{150}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}\)(50 hạng tử)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}>\dfrac{1}{150}.50=\dfrac{1}{3}\)(1)
Tương tự
\(\dfrac{1}{151}+\dfrac{1}{152}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}>\dfrac{1}{200}+\dfrac{1}{200}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\)(50 hạng tử)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{151}+\dfrac{1}{152}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}>50.\dfrac{1}{200}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta được
\(P>\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{7}{12}\)
P = \(\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+\dfrac{1}{103}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{101}+\dfrac{1}{102}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{151}+\dfrac{1}{152}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(\overline{50\text{ hạng tử }}\) \(\overline{50\text{ hạng tử }}\)
\(< \left(\dfrac{1}{100}+\dfrac{1}{100}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{150}+\dfrac{1}{150}+...+\dfrac{1}{150}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{100}.50+\dfrac{1}{150}.50=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow P< \dfrac{5}{6}< 1\)
S = (1 / 31 + ... + 1 / 40) + (1 / 41 + ... + 1/ 50) + (1 / 51 + ... + 1 / 60) <
10 / 31 + 10 / 41 + 10 / 51 < 10 / 30 + 10 / 40 + 10 / 50 = 1 / 3 + 1 / 4 + 1 / 5 =
7 / 12 + 1 / 5 < 3 / 5 + 1 / 5 = 4 / 5
tương tự
S > 10 / 40 + 10 / 50 + 10 / 60 = 1 / 4 + 1 / 5 + 1 / 6 = 5 / 12 + 1 / 5 > 2 / 5 + 1 / 5 = 3 / 5
=> 3 / 5 < S < 4 / 5
S là 1/31 + 1/32 + 1/33 + ... + 1/60 . Khong chắc là đúng đâu