cho (a+b+c)^2=3(a^2+b^2+c^2) .Chứng minh a=b=c
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\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2}\)(1) với x+y+z=0. Bạn quy đồng vế trái (1) dc \(\frac{x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2}{x^2y^2z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)xyz}{x^2y^2z^2}\)
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Áp dụng bđt Cauchy:
\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ac}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế: \(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3-\frac{1}{6}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
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\(N=\frac{3+a^2}{3-a}+\frac{3+b^2}{3-b}+\frac{3+c^2}{3-c}\)
Ta chứng minh \(\frac{3+a^2}{3-a}\ge2a\) với mọi \(0< a< 3\), thật vậy:
\(\Leftrightarrow3+a^2-2a\left(3-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{3+b^2}{3-b}\ge2b\); \(\frac{3+c^2}{3-c}\ge2c\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(\Leftrightarrow N\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)=6\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
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a) Ta có: \(a^2-1\le0;b^2-1\le0;c^2-1\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\le0\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\le1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2-a^2b^2c^2\le1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\) ( vì \(abc\ge0\) )
Có \(b-1\le0\Rightarrow a^2b\sqrt{b}\left(b-1\right)\le0\Rightarrow a^2b^2\le a^2b\sqrt{b}\)
Tương tự: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b^2c^2\le b^2c\sqrt{c}\\c^2a^2\le c^2a\sqrt{a}\end{cases}\Rightarrow dpcm}\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(a^2+b^2+c ^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc-3a^2-3b^2-3c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2a^2-2b^2-2c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\a-c=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\a=c\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)