Cho a/b=c/d. Chứng minh (3a-b)/(4a+b)=(3c-d)/(4c+d) biết 4a+b\(\ne\) 0;4c+d\(\ne\) 0;b\(\ne\) 0;d\(\ne\) 0
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)
1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)
3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)
\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)=>\(\frac{3a}{3b}=\frac{3c}{3d}\)=>\(\frac{3a}{3c}=\frac{3b}{3d}\) ; \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)=>\(\frac{4a}{4b}=\frac{4c}{4d}\)=>\(\frac{4a}{4c}=\frac{4b}{4d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{3a}{3c}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{3a+3b}{3c+3d}\) ; \(\frac{4a}{4c}=\frac{4b}{4d}=\frac{4a+4b}{4c+4d}\)
Mà \(\frac{3a}{3b}=\frac{3b}{3d}=\frac{4a}{4c}=\frac{4b}{4d}\)
=>\(\frac{3a+3b}{3c+3d}=\frac{4a+4b}{4c+4d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{4a}{3b}=\frac{4c}{3d}\)
Áp dụng tỉ lệ thức ta có :
\(\frac{4a}{3b}=\frac{4c}{3d}\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{4a}{4c}=\frac{3b}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\frac{4c-3d}{4c-3d}\)
b) Có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{3b}=\frac{2c}{3d}\)
Áp dụng tỉ lệ thức ta có "
\(\frac{2a}{3b}=\frac{2c}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{2c}=\frac{3b}{3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a-3b}{2c-3d}=\frac{2a3b}{2c+3d}\Rightarrow\frac{2a-3b}{2a+3b}=\frac{2c-3d}{2c+3d}\)
Các câu còn lại bạn làm tương tự
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a/ Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{2a+7b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+7b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+7\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+7}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2c+7d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+7d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+7\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+7}{3k-4}\)\(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
b/ tương tự
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{2a+3c}{3a+4c}=\dfrac{2bk+3dk}{3bk+4dk}=\dfrac{2b+3d}{3b+4d}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó (2a + 3c)(2b - 3d)
= (2bk + 3dk)(2b - 3d)
= k(2b + 3d)(2b - 3d) (1)
(2a - 3c)(2b + 3d)
= (2bk - 2dk)(2b + 3d)
= k(2b - 3d)(2b + 3d) (2)
Từ (1)(2) => (2a + 3c)(2b - 3d) = (2a - 3c)(2b + 3d)
b) Sửa đề (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}}\)
Ta có (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4bk + 3b)(4dk - 3d) = bd(4k + 3)(4k - 3) (1)
Lại có (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d) = (4bk - 3b)(3dk + 3d) = bd(4k- 3)(4k + 3) (2)
Từ (1)(2) => (4a + 3b)(4c - 3d) = (4a - 3b)(4c + 3d)
1, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{2b}=\frac{3c}{3d}=\frac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\frac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2a+3c\right).\left(2b-3d\right)=\left(2a-3c\right).\left(2b+3d\right)\)
Vậy (2a + 3c).(2b - 3d) = (2a - 3c).(2b + 3d)
Câu 2 cũng tương tự nên tự làm đi
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\). Khi đó ta có:
a)
\((a+c)(b-d)=(bk+dk)(b-d)=k(b+d)(b-d)\)
\((a-c)(b+d)=(bk-dk)(b+d)=k(b-d)(b+d)=k(b+d)(b-d)\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c)(b-d)=(a-c)(b+d)\) (đpcm)
b)
\((a+c)b=(bk+dk)b=k(b+d).b=bk(b+d)\)
\((b+d).a=(b+d).bk=bk(b+d)\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c)b=(b+d)a\)
c)
\(a(b-d)=bk(b-d)\)
\(b(a-c)=b(bk-dk)=bk(b-d)\)
\(\Rightarrow a(b-d)=b(a-c)\)
d)
\((b+d).c=(b+d).dk=dk(b+d)\)
\((a+c)d=(bk+dk)d=k(b+d)d=dk(b+d)\)
\(\Rightarrow (b+d)c=(a+c)d\)
e)
\((b-d).c=(b-d).dk=dk(b-d)\)
\((a-c)d=(bk-dk)d=k(b-d)d=dk(b-d)\)
\(\Rightarrow (b-d)c=(a-c)d\)
f)
\((a+b)(c-d)=(bk+b)(dk-d)=b(k+1)d(k-1)=bd(k-1)(k+1)\)
\((a-b)(c+d)=(bk-b)(dk+d)=b(k-1)d(k+1)=bd(k-1)(k+1)\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+b)(c-d)=(a-b)(c+d)\)
g)
\((2a+3c)(2b-3d)=(2bk+3dk)(2b-3d)=k(2b+3d)(2b-3d)\)
\((2a-3c)(2b+3d)=(2bk-3dk)(2b+3d)=k(2b-3d)(2b+3d)\)
\(\Rightarrow (2a+3c)(2b-3d)=(2a-3c)(2b+3d)\)
h)
\((4a+3b)(4c-3d)=(4bk+3b)(4dk-3d)=b(4k+3)d(4k-3)=bd(4k+3)(4k-3)\)
\((4a-3b)(4c+3d)=(4bk-3b)(4dk+3d)=b(4k-3)d(4k+3)=bd(4k+3)(4k-3)\)
\(\Rightarrow (4a+3b)(4c-3d)=(4a-3b)(4c+3d)\)
i,k: Hoàn toàn tương tự.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\frac{3a}{3c}=\frac{4b}{4d}=\frac{3a+4b}{3c+4d}=\frac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a+4b}{3a-4b}=\frac{3c+4d}{3c-4d}\)
b) ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{5a}{5b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{4a}{4b}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{5a}{5b}=\frac{2c}{2d}=\frac{5a+2c}{5b+2d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4a}{4b}=\frac{5a+2c}{5b+2d}\Rightarrow\frac{5a+2c}{4a}=\frac{5b+2d}{4b}\)
c) ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b^2\right)}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)